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9 protocols using bcl 2

1

Quantitative Gene Expression Analysis

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Total RNA was isolated using a TRIzol Reagent (Invitrogen) and cDNA was synthesized using a ReverTra Ace® qPCR RT Kit (Toyobo, Osaka Japan). Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed using a QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR master mix (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) with an Applied Biosystems 7300 (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). The data were analyzed by comparative Ct quantification and the value for each sample was normalized to the value for the housekeeping GAPDH gene. The primer pairs used in this experiment were BCL-2 (QT00025011), BCL-XL (QT00236712), SURVIVIN (QT01679664), MMP-2 (QT00088396), MMP-9 (QT00040040), FN (QT00038024), ITGAV (QT00051891), VIMENTIN (QT00095795), TWIST (QT00011956), CCND1 (QT00495285), MYC1 (QT00035406), NESTIN (QT01015301), SOX2 (QT00237601), NANOG (QT01844808), OCT4 (QT00210840), CD133 (QT00075586), and GAPDH (QT0007924) were obtained from Qiagen.
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2

Semi-quantitative RT-PCR Analysis of MMPs

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Total RNA was isolated using TRIzol Reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, USA) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed using AccuPower RT-PCR PreMix (Bioneer, Daejeon Korea) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Briefly, total RNA was reverse transcribed using a thermal cycler programmed at 42°C for 1 hour and PCR was performed with 30 cycles at 94°C for 30 seconds, 58°C for 30 seconds, and 72°C for 30 seconds, and a final extension step at 72°C for 5 minutes. The amplicons were resolved on agarose gels with DNA SafeStain (Lambda Biotech, St. Louis, USA) and visualized using a Gel Doc 2000 imaging system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, USA). The primers used in this experiment were matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 (QT00060025), MMP-9 (QT00040040), MMP-11 (QT00024031), Bcl-2 (QT00025011), Bcl-xL (QT00236712), SURVIVIN (QT01679664), and GAPDH (QT0007924) and were all obtained from Qiagen.
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3

Aortic Valve Gene Expression Analysis

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From the other half of the harvested hearts, aortic roots (from annulus to sino‐tubular junction) containing the aortic valve, were isolated. RNA from the valve was extracted using RNeasy® Mini Kit (Qiagen, ON, Canada). Then PCR were performed with the use of the QX200 Droplet Digital PCR® system. The primers used for the PCR reaction were all from Qiagen (listed below). The Quantasoft software was used to analyze the data. The results of gene expression were normalized with the use of the average of expression of the three following housekeeping genes: hypoxanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1), Beta‐Actin, and Glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).
Primers used:

BMP2: QT00012544 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

BCl2: QT00156282 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

Casp3: QT00260169(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

BGLAP: QT00259406 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

RUNX2: QT00020517 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

ALPL: QT00157717 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

Wnt5a: QT00160958 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

MMP9: QT00108815 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

TIMP: forward 5‐tagtgatggttcccctcctc‐3, reverse 5‐tacttgtttgccatttccca‐3

AGRT1: QT00233548(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

TGFβ2: QT00058233 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

TNFα: QT00115332(Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)

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4

Cytotoxicity of Anti-Cancer Agents

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Human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cell lines were purchased from Iranian Biological Resource Center (Tehran, Iran). The anti-cancer agents, 5-FU and DCA/3Br-P, were supplied by Ebewe Pharma company and Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO), respectively. Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and antibiotic (penicillin-streptomycin) were purchased from Invitrogen Co, (Carlsbad, CA). Furthermore, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), Annexin V/FITC apoptosis detection kit and MitoTracker Green supplied by Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO) were applied in this work. Moreover, Caspase 3 Assay kit, Bax, Bcl-2, and GAPDH primers were obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany).
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5

Quantitative Analysis of Cancer Biomarkers

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Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent and cDNA was synthesized using a ReverTra Ace® qPCR RT Kit. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed using a QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR master mix with an Applied Biosystems 7300 thermocycler. Data were analyzed using comparative Ct quantification and the value for each sample was normalized to the value for the GAPDH gene. The primers used in this experiment were BCL-2 (QT00025011), BCL-XL (QT00236712), MCL-1 (QT00094122), SURVIVIN (QT01679664), MMP-2 (QT00088396), MMP-9 (QT00040040), TWIST (QT00011956), and GAPDH (QT0007924) were all obtained from Qiagen.
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6

Gene Expression Analysis by qRT-PCR

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RNA isolation, purification, and reverse-transcription to cDNA were performed as instructed by the manufacturer (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Quantification of RNA was done with a NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Peqlab Biotechnologie GmbH, Erlangen, Germany). For quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Fast SYBR Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Darmstadt, Germany) was used on the 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Darmstadt, Germany). Gene expression analysis was performed with GAPH, Ifnα2, Ifnα4, Ifnα5, Ifnβ1, Usp18, Irf7, Isg15, Mx1, Bst2, Oas1, Irf1, and Bcl2 assays (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). For analysis, the expression levels of all target genes were adjusted to GAPDH expression levels (ΔCt). Gene expression values were then calculated based on the delta-delta-Ct (ΔΔCt) method relative to the naive controls. Relative quantities (RQs) were determined using the following equation: RQ = 2−ΔΔCt.
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7

Reverse Transfection of Apoptosis Regulators

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Cells were reverse-transfected with 10 nm of BAK (s1880 and s1881), BAX (s1888 and s1889), BIM (s195011), PUMA (pool of siRNAs), BMF (pool of siRNAs), BIK (s1989 and s1990), HRK (s194952), BCL-XL (s1920), MCL-1 (s8583), BCL-w (s1924), BFL-1 (pool of siRNAs) from Life Technologies (Paisley, UK), BID (SI02654568), NOXA (SI00129430), BAD (SI00299348), BCL-2 (S100299411) from Qiagen (Manchester, UK) using Interferin (Polyplus Transfection, NY, USA), according to the manufacturer's protocol and processed 48 h after transfection. Immunoprecipitation and western blotting were carried out according to the standard protocols.26 (link)
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8

Apoptosis Regulation in Megakaryocytes

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Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RTPCR) was performed on RNA from day 11 megakaryocytes (both treated and untreated) using Power SYBR Green RNA-to-CT (Applied Biosystems, Grand Island, NY). The following primers were used: BAK, BAX, BNIP3, BNIP3L, BCL2, BCL-XL, IGF1R, CFLAR (all Qiagen, Germantown, MD). PCR reactions were performed on a Viia7 cycler (Applied Biosystems). The amount of mRNA for each sample was normalized using beta-actin as endogenous control.
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9

Anticancer effects of 5-FU and DCA/3Br-P

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Human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cell lines were purchased from Iranian Biological Resource Center (Tehran, Iran). The anti-cancer agents, 5-FU and DCA/3Br-P, were supplied by Ebewe Pharma company and Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO), respectively. Dulbecco's modi ed eagle's medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and antibiotic (penicillin-streptomycin) were purchased from Invitrogen Co, (Carlsbad, CA). Furthermore, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), 2,7-dichloro uorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), Annexin V/FITC apoptosis detection kit and MitoTracker Green supplied by Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO) were applied in this work. Moreover, Caspase 3 Assay kit, Bax, Bcl-2, and GAPDH primers were obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany).
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