Sparq

Manufactured by Philips

Sourced in United States, Germany

Sparq is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for precise liquid handling. It features an electronic pipette with adjustable volume settings, allowing for accurate and reproducible sampling across a wide range of applications. The Sparq provides consistent and reliable performance to support various laboratory workflows.

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Lab products found in correlation

Envisor hd, by Philips (1 mentions) Hd11xe, by Philips (1 mentions) Eos 60d, by Canon (1 mentions) Sonosite m turbo, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) Sonosite x porte, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) Hm70a, by Samsung (1 mentions)

16 protocols using sparq

Evaluating AI-Powered LVEF Assessment in the ED

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This prospective randomized controlled pilot study involved 16 physicians (including EM attendings, EM residents, and internal medicine residents) and physician assistants who work in the emergency department of a tertiary care medical center. The chosen participants routinely work at the front lines of evaluating patients with potential acute cardiac pathology in this institution's ED. Ultrasound machines that they use daily include the Sparq (Philips Healthcare; Amsterdam, Netherlands) and the Venue (GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois, United States).
The study used archived ultrasound clips acquired by a certified echocardiographic technician (equivalent to a Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer). The clips, taken from adult patients, were all deidentified to remove any patient's details. All clips were evaluated by two fellowship‐trained echocardiographic cardiologists for LVEF whose assessment was set as the ground truth for further study requirements. In case of a ≤10% difference in their assessments, the mean LVEF was used, and if the difference was higher, we used Simpson's methods for exact LVEF calculation.
The clips were also evaluated with LVivoEF (DiA Imaging Analysis Ltd, Israel), a patented AI algorithm that evaluates the LVEF from the A4ch view. The algorithm results were compared and verified with the ground truth.

Dadon Z., Butnaru A., Rosenmann D., Alper‐Suissa L., Glikson M, & Alpert E.A. (2022). Use of artificial intelligence as a didactic tool to improve ejection fraction assessment in the emergency department: A randomized controlled pilot study. AEM Education and Training, 6(2), e10738.

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Lung Ultrasound Evaluation after Extubation

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After EIT measurements, lung ultrasound (Philips Sparq) was performed by a trained investigator (VJ) before extubation (H0) and 2 h (H2) after extubation. A 2–4 MHz convex probe was used to scan the whole lung of both sides. The number of B-lines was counted on a rib short-axis scan between two ribs at each intercostal space of the upper and lower parts of the anterior, lateral, and posterior regions of the left and right chest wall (total of 12 areas). For a given region of interest, points were allocated according to the worst ultrasound pattern observed [7 (link)]: presence of lung sliding with A lines or fewer than two isolated B lines (normal pattern, score 0); multiple, well-defined B line (moderate loss of lung aeration, score 1); multiple coalescent B lines (severe loss of lung aeration, score 2); lung consolidation (score 3). The lung ultrasound score (LUS) is calculated between 0 (normally aerated lung) and 36 (totally consolidated lung) [7 (link)].

Joussellin V., Bonny V., Spadaro S., Clerc S., Parfait M., Ferioli M., Sieye A., Jalil Y., Janiak V., Pinna A, & Dres M. (2023). Lung aeration estimated by chest electrical impedance tomography and lung ultrasound during extubation. Annals of Intensive Care, 13, 91.

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Comprehensive Cardiac Assessment Protocol

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Cardiac function was evaluated before conducting the spontaneous breathing trial by transthoracic echocardiography equipped with a cardiac probe (Sparq, Philips) performed by a fully trained and experienced operator (ER) and reviewed off-line by a second operator (MD). The following variables were obtained from the apical four-chamber view: left ventricular ejection fraction (visual estimation), early (E) and late (A) diastolic wave velocities at the mitral valve, tissue Doppler early (e’) wave velocity at the lateral mitral valve annulus, the deceleration time of the E wave, cardiac output as estimated by the stroke volume measured using the Doppler method applied at the left ventricular outflow tract, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in M-mode, peak systolic velocity at the lateral tricuspid annulus and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure estimated by the tricuspid regurgitation maximal velocity pressure gradient. Finally, colour Doppler mapping was used to detect the presence of significant mitral regurgitation and semiquantitatively assess its severity. The cardiac assessment was completed by a 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Dres M., Rozenberg E., Morawiec E., Mayaux J., Delemazure J., Similowski T, & Demoule A. (2021). Diaphragm dysfunction, lung aeration loss and weaning-induced pulmonary oedema in difficult-to-wean patients. Annals of Intensive Care, 11, 99.

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Standardized Echocardiogram Data Collection

Cited 1 time

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NPS recorded still images and video clips in a protocolized fashion using a Philips SPARQ (Philips Healthcare, Bothell, WA) ultrasound machine. Images automatically transferred wirelessly to Qpath (Telexy Healthcare, Maple Ridge, BC) software, a program for storage and management of ultrasound examinations. NPS obtained all images and clips using a standardized imaging preset with a phased array probe (S4-2). We de-identified all study images at the time of acquisition with a study identification.
NPS completed a standardized data collection form after each echocardiogram. The study’s PI abstracted patient information including gender, age, ethnicity, vital signs, and body mass index (BMI) from the electronic health record. The study’s PI transcribed clinical data into Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) (Nashville, TN).22 (link)

Binder Z.W., O’Brien S.E., Boyle T.P., Cabral H.J., Sekhavat S, & Pare J.R. (2020). Novice Physician Ultrasound Evaluation of Pediatric Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet Velocity. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(4), 1029-1035.

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Intracranial Pressure Estimation Using Transcranial Doppler

Cited 1 time

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A low-frequency (2 MHz) microconvex transducer (Philips SparQ®) was used to investigate intracranial vessels. The temporal window was preferred for passage of the Doppler signal for MCA assessment. Systolic (sFV), diastolic (dFV), and mean flow velocity (mFV) in the MCA were collected. MAP was also measured. The pulsatility index (PI) was calculated as the mean value between the right and the left MCA flow velocities using the following formula (13 (link)):
Noninvasive ICP (nICP_TCD) was calculated according to the formula:
where cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPe) was calculated as follows (26 (link)):
Intracranial pressure (ICP) values >20 mmHg were considered indicative of intracranial hypertension (26 (link)).

Battaglini D., Santori G., Chandraptham K., Iannuzzi F., Bastianello M., Tarantino F., Ball L., Giacobbe D.R., Vena A., Bassetti M., Inglese M., Uccelli A., Rocco P.R., Patroniti N., Brunetti I., Pelosi P, & Robba C. (2020). Neurological Complications and Noninvasive Multimodal Neuromonitoring in Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients. Frontiers in Neurology, 11, 602114.

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Measuring Intracranial Pressure through ONSD

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A linear probe (Philips SparQ®) was used for ONSD evaluation. The probe was placed on the closed upper eyelid, and ONSD was evaluated 3 mm behind the retinal papilla. Two measurements were obtained from each optic nerve: the first in the transverse plane and the second in the sagittal plane (27 (link)). Noninvasive intracranial pressure measured by ONSD (nICP_ONSD) was derived from a mathematic formula described elsewhere in the literature (28 (link), 29 (link)). ICP values >20 mmHg were again considered indicative of intracranial hypertension (26 (link)).

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Comprehensive Echocardiographic Evaluation in AF

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All transthoracic echocardiographic examinations were performed by the same experienced cardiologist (A.S.), using commercially available Philips Sparq ultrasound machine (Philips Healthcare, Andover, Massachusetts, USA) with a 2.5 mHz transducer. All images were acquired during AF. Five cardiac cycles were stored in cine-loop format for further offline analysis. Echocardiographic measurements were done for consecutive beats and thereafter averaged. All measurements were performed according to the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging [17 (link)–19 (link)]. The following echoDoppler parameters were collected: left ventricular mass index (LVMi) determined by the Devereux formula, left atrial volume index (LAVi) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by the biplane modified Simpson's method, left ventricular (LV) diastolic function assessed by E/A ratio and average E/e’ ratio, degree of concomitant mitral regurgitation (MR), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and finally systolic pulmonary artery pressure.

Sonaglioni A., Lombardo M., Nicolosi G.L., Rigamonti E, & Anzà C. (2021). Incremental diagnostic role of left atrial strain analysis in thrombotic risk assessment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients planned for electrical cardioversion. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 37(5), 1539-1550.

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Transthoracic Lung Ultrasound Scoring Protocol

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Transthoracic lung ultrasound was performed either by an experienced physician with level-3 certification 16 or by a resident or a senior physician who had completed lung ultrasound training. 17 A Siemens Acuson CV70 (Simens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA) or a Philips Sparq (Philips Ultrasound, Bothell, WA) ultrasound device equipped with a 2-to 5-MHz convex probe was used for the examination. In each subject, upper and lower lung areas of the right and left lungs were delineated by the parasternal, anterior axillary, and posterior axillary and paravertebral lines. Therefore, 12 lung regions that corresponded to antero-superior, antero-inferior, latero-superior, latero-inferior, postero-superior, and posterior-inferior lung areas were examined. 13 A numeric value was assigned to each area according to the most-severe lung ultrasound finding detected in the corresponding intercostal space as follows (Fig. 1): 0, normal aeration (defined by the presence of lung sliding with horizontal A lines or fewer than 2 isolated vertical B lines); 1, moderate loss of lung aeration (defined as the presence of either multiple well-defined and spaced B1 lines issued from the pleural line or from small juxtapleural consolidations and correspond to interstitial

Lu X., Arbelot C., Schreiber A., Langeron O., Monsel A, & Lu Q. (2019). Ultrasound Assessment of Lung Aeration in Subjects Supported by Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Respiratory care, 64(12).

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Multimodal Non-invasive ICP Monitoring

Cited 2 times

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The indications for invasive ICP placement followed the latest Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines (Carney et al., 2016 (link)). Ultrasound measurement was performed by a selected group of experienced operators (CR, SN, and DB) using a standardized insonation technique to reduce inter-operator variability. Ultrasound measurements were performed after PEEP augmentation and after repeating the second CT.
Transcranial Doppler was performed bilaterally on the middle cerebral artery (MCA) through the temporal window using a traditional 2-MHz transducer (Philips SparQ®) as previously described (Robba et al., 2017b (link)). Non-invasive ICP estimation using TCD (ICP_TCD) was obtained using a previously validated formula (Rasulo et al., 2017 (link)). Ultrasound examination of the ONSD was performed using a 7.5 MHz linear ultrasound probe (Philips SparQ®) using the lowest possible acoustic power that could measure the ONSD. The probe was oriented perpendicularly in the vertical plane and at around 30° in the horizontal plane on the closed eyelids of both eyes of subjects in the supine position. Ultrasound gel was applied on the surface of each eyelid, and the measurements were made in the axial and sagittal planes of the widest diameter visible 3 mm behind the retina in both eyes. The final ONSD value was calculated as previously described (Robba et al., 2016 (link), 2017a (link)).

Robba C., Ball L., Nogas S., Battaglini D., Messina A., Brunetti I., Minetti G., Castellan L., Rocco P.R, & Pelosi P. (2021). Effects of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Lung Recruitment, Respiratory Mechanics, and Intracranial Pressure in Mechanically Ventilated Brain-Injured Patients. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 711273.

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Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Occupation

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For the ultrasonographic evaluation, we used a Philips Envisor HD or Sparq ultrasound machine (Philips Healthcare, MA, USA) with a phased array S2–4 transducer. We placed the probe in each upper maxillary bone pointing toward right. In normal conditions, the presence of air causes reverberation artifices such as parallel echoes. When the maxillary sinus is fully occupied, we can observe its content (anechoic liquid) surrounded by hyperechoic sinus walls. Partial identification of the posterior wall is compatible with partial sinus occupation [2 (link), 7 (link)] (Figs. 1, 2).Fig. 1

Image in B mode using a phased array transducer placed in the upper maxillary bone showing total occupation of the maxillary sinus. The anechoic liquid content allows the display of the hyperechoic maxillary sinus walls

Fig. 2

Image in B mode using a phased array transducer placed in the upper maxillary bone showing partial occupation of the maxillary sinus. The anechoic liquid content only allows the display of the hyperechoic posterior portion of the maxillary sinus walls

Cheong I., Castro V.O., Gómez R.A, & Tamagnone F.M. (2022). Usefulness of ultrasound in the diagnosis of nosocomial maxillary sinusitis in patients with severe Covid-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study. Journal of Ultrasound, 25(4), 923-927.

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