Tilmicosin

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Tilmicosin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Tilmicosin is used to treat respiratory infections in livestock, particularly in cattle, swine, and poultry.

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3 protocols using tilmicosin

Synthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial Polymer Matrices

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AZM, ERY, and tilmicosin (TM) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Oleandomycin (OLE), tylson (TYL), and clarithromycin (CLA) were obtained from Dr. Ehrenstorfer (Germany). Dopamine (DA), streptomycin (STM), gentamicin (GM), tetracycline (TC), neomycin (NM), and thiamphenicol (TAP) were purchased from Probe Biotechnology LLC (China). The chemical molecular structures of these substances are shown in Fig 1. AZM-dispersible tablets (250 mg) were obtained from a local pharmacy. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). In order to remove the polymerization inhibitor, MAA and EGDMA were purified by distillation in vacuum under nitrogen protection then stored at 4°C before use. AIBN was recrystallized from hot methanol and dried in a vacuum. AB (purity > 99.99%) was obtained from Strem Chemicals (USA). Paraffin oil and graphite powder were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Acetonitrile and methanol were purchased from KeMiOu Chemical Reagent Co. (China). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). All solutions were freshly prepared with ultrapure water.

Zhou T., Tao Y., Jin H., Song B., Jing T., Luo D., Zhou Y., Zhou Y., Lee Y.I, & Mei S. (2016). Fabrication of a Selective and Sensitive Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer/Acetylene Black for the Determination of Azithromycin in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Samples. PLoS ONE, 11(1), e0147002.

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Analytical Standards for Tylosin and Tilmicosin

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All chemicals and solvents were used with analytical purity. Analytical standards of tylosin and tilmicosin (>95% purity) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), also methanol and acetonitrile (HPLC >95% purity), orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 85%) from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), and Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na 2 EDTA) from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, ABD). Ultrapure water was obtained using the H2OPRO-VF-T/Arium Ultrapure (Sartorius, Germany) device.

Gürel Yücel M., Seçilmiş H, & Taşçı F. (2023). Investigation of tylosin and tilmicosin residues in meat by high-performance liquid chromatography method. Polish journal of veterinary sciences, 26(1).

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Antibiotic Stock Solution Preparation

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The following antibiotics were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO): β-lactams: ampicillin (AMP), penicillin G (PENG), amoxicillin (AMO), cl oxacillin (CLO), dicl oxacillin (DIC), penicillin V (PENV), oxacillin (OXA), nafcillin (NAP), ceftiofur (CEFT), cefuroxime (CEFM), cefalexin (CEFA), cefoperazone (CEFZ), and cefazolin (CEFL); tetracyclines: doxycycline (DOX), tetracycline (TET), oxytetracycline (OXY), and chlortetracycline (CTE); aminoglycosides: streptomycin (STR), neomycin (NEO), dihydrostreptomycin (DSTR), gentamicin (GEN), kanamycin (KAN), and spectinomycin (SPE); sulfonamides: sulfamonomethoxine (SMM), sulfadimidine (SDM), sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMP), sulfaquinoxaline (SQX), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX); macrolides: erythromycin (ERY), tylosin (TYL), tilmicosin (TIL), spiramycin (SPI); and lincosamides: lincomycin (LIN), trimethoprim (TMP), and chloramphenicol (CAP). The components used in the preparation of stock solutions and working solutions of antibiotics are shown in Table 1. Stock solutions of antimicrobial agents (1 mg/mL) were prepared in suitable solvents and stored at -20°C in amber glass vials for up to 2 wk. Working standard solutions (1 µg/mL) were prepared by suitable dilutions of the stock solutions until use.

Wu Q., Zhu Q., Liu Y., Shabbir M.A.B., Sattar A., Peng D., Tao Y., Chen D., Wang Y, & Yuan Z. (2019). A microbiological inhibition method for the rapid, broad-spectrum, and high-throughput screening of 34 antibiotic residues in milk. Journal of dairy science, 102(12).

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