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As lmd

Manufactured by Leica Microsystems
Sourced in Japan

The AS-LMD is a laser microdissection instrument designed for precision isolation of specific cells or regions from a sample. It utilizes a laser beam to precisely cut and capture the target area without contamination from surrounding material.

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7 protocols using as lmd

1

Founder Mutation in Nonmelanocytic Skin Cancers

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We obtained 928 paraffin-embedded blocks of nonmelanocytic skin cancers (NMSCs) from three hospitals around Hiroshima city (collection period: 1957–2011). Among these, 545 were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 383 were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). None of them are cohort members of epidemiologic studies of atomic bomb survivors. One whole section (5 μm thick) was used for DNA extraction and screening purposes. When a suspected carrier of the XPA founder mutation was found, DNA extraction processes were conducted anew to obtain DNA samples from tumor and non-tumor parts separately
by using the laser-microdissection system (AS-LMD; Leica Microsystems Japan, Tokyo). For control samples, 678 lymphocyte slides from offspring of atomic bomb survivors with minimum dose exposures (<10 mGy) in Hiroshima were newly obtained and used as described previously [8 ]. PCR-RFLP methods for screening the founder mutation allele were described previously (Fig. 1)[8 ]. Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine whether the frequency of the founder mutation heterozygote differed between the control population and the BCC and SCC cases, as well as in subtypes. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committees at each hospital and at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation.
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2

Laser-Microdissection of Kidney Tissues

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Kidney specimens were frozen in OCT compound, and 10-µm-thick cryostat sections were prepared and mounted onto polyethylene membrane. Sections were fixed immediately in 70% ethanol for 3 min and washed for 1 min in diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated water and then stained rapidly in 0.05% toluidine blue solution (pH 7.0) (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) for 30 seconds. After two 1-min washes in DEPC-treated water, samples were dehydrated in a dryer for 10 min. Dried samples were set on the computer-controlled microscope stage of the laser-microdissection system (AS-LMD; Leica Microsystems Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and observed under a charge-coupled device camera from above. With the computer mouse, glomeruli and perivascular areas of infiltrating cells of similar sizes were selected for RNA extraction in thin-walled PCR tubes (0.5 ml), and subsequently dissected with a laser microbeam.
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3

Adrenal Gland Zone-Specific RNA Analysis

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Adrenal glands were dissected from terminally anesthetized mice (ketamine, 15mg, i.p.), flash-frozen, sectioned on a cryostat at 8 μm, and mounted onto specialized microscope slides containing a polyethylene napthalate window. A laser capture system (AS/LMD, Leica Microsystems, Inc.) was used to visualize and carefully sample zG tissue for subsequent qRT-PCR analysis. RNA was isolated with the PicoPure RNA isolation kit (Arcturus) and cDNA was generated with iScript reverse transcription kit (Biorad) and qRT-PCR performed in quadruplicate using an iCycler, with iQ SYBR Green SuperMix reagents (BioRad). In preliminary experiments, a dilution series of cDNA was used with each primer set to establish conditions (primer concentration, annealing temperature) to yield >90% efficiency; in addition, the PCR product was run on an agarose gel and sequenced to confirm its identity. Melt curve analysis and no-template controls were included with each run.
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4

Isolation of Mouse Intestinal Epithelium

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The mouse small intestinal epithelium was captured from frozen sections using an AS LMD (Leica Microsystems, Bannockburn, IL, USA), and the RNAs were purified using an RNeasy Micro Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany).
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5

Hippocampal Subregion Protein Analysis

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Brains were removed and frozen immediately after exsanguination by perfusing with saline. Serial coronal sections (20 μm) were collected on Frame Slides (POL-membrane, 0.9 μm, Leica Microsystems) throughout the hippocampus. The sections were stained with 0.005 % toluidine blue, dried, and stored at −80 °C until use. Sampling of hippocampal CA1 subregions, the stratum lacunosum moleculare (SLM) and stratum radiatum (SR), was performed by using a laser microdissection microscope (AS LMD, Leica Microsystems). The SLM and SR were precisely dissected from 60 sections per mouse. The samples from one side of the hippocampus were pooled and lysed directly in 60 μl of modified SDS-PAGE sample buffer (2 M urea, 5 % SDS, 62.5 mM Tris [pH6.8], 10 % glycerol, 5 % 2-mercaptoethanol, 0.005 % bromophenol blue). The lysate was completely homogenized by sonication, centrifuged at 8500 g for 5 min, and the supernatant (8 μl/lane) was subjected to Western blot analysis for NGL1 and NGL2.
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6

Extraction of Onuf's Nucleus Motoneurons

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Individually, slides were given 30 seconds to warm to room temperature, stained with thionin, dehydrated with ethanol, and fixed with xylene, as done previously.11 (link),15 (link) Specimens were dried for 3 minutes before being microdissected. A laser microdissection system (ASLMD, Leica Microsystems) was used to isolate and collect the cells of the dorsolateral region of Onuf’s nucleus, which contains the cell bodies of the motoneurons innervating the urethral sphincter via the pudendal nerve [Figure 3]. An RNase-free microcentrifuge cap filled with 40 µl of cell lysis solution (RNAqueous-Micro, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California), which inhibits RNase activity, was used to collect the dissectate. A minimum of 5 cell clusters from the dorsolateral region of Onuf’s Nucleus, each from a different spinal cord section, were collected into separate microcentrifuge tubes from the injured and uninjured sides, respectively [Figure 1]. After collecting all samples from 1 animal, the microcentrifuge tubes were spun down at 10,000 RPM for 30 seconds and the caps rinsed twice with 30 µl of lysis solution and a subsequent spin down. Samples were stored at −20 °C until processed further.
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7

Extraction of Onuf's Nucleus Motoneurons

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Individually, slides were given 30 seconds to warm to room temperature, stained with thionin, dehydrated with ethanol, and fixed with xylene, as done previously.11 (link),15 (link) Specimens were dried for 3 minutes before being microdissected. A laser microdissection system (ASLMD, Leica Microsystems) was used to isolate and collect the cells of the dorsolateral region of Onuf’s nucleus, which contains the cell bodies of the motoneurons innervating the urethral sphincter via the pudendal nerve [Figure 3]. An RNase-free microcentrifuge cap filled with 40 µl of cell lysis solution (RNAqueous-Micro, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California), which inhibits RNase activity, was used to collect the dissectate. A minimum of 5 cell clusters from the dorsolateral region of Onuf’s Nucleus, each from a different spinal cord section, were collected into separate microcentrifuge tubes from the injured and uninjured sides, respectively [Figure 1]. After collecting all samples from 1 animal, the microcentrifuge tubes were spun down at 10,000 RPM for 30 seconds and the caps rinsed twice with 30 µl of lysis solution and a subsequent spin down. Samples were stored at −20 °C until processed further.
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