Loading efficiency of the drug in the above-mentioned compelxation is determined through a UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-240, Hitachi U-3200). In brief, the above-mentioned formulation of drug and nanoparticles was centrifuged at 14 000 r.p.m. for 25 min. The pellets at the bottom of the Eppendorf tube were carefully collected, followed by the dissolution of these pellets in acetone. In parallel, a calibration curve for the amount of Cp in acetone is constructed by recording UV-visible spectra at 266 nm of solutions of different concentrations of Cp (0.1 to 0.5 mg ml−1) which is then employed for the determination of free drug in acetone. The encapsulation efficiency of micelles was calculated by using the following equation: where A is the amount of the drug.
U 3200
Manufactured by Hitachi
Sourced in Japan
The U-3200 is a UV-Vis spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi. It is designed to measure the absorption or transmittance of light by samples across a range of ultraviolet and visible wavelengths.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Uv 240, by Hitachi (3 mentions)
Silica gel 60 f254, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dpx 400, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Dip 360, by Jasco (1 mentions)
Am 400, by Bruker (1 mentions)
70 230 mesh, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Microtof q mass spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Amazon speed spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Jms 600h mass spectrometer, by JEOL (1 mentions)
8900 ft ir spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Sephadex lh 20, by Cytiva (1 mentions)
Avance 400, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Avance 600, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Avance 500, by Bruker (1 mentions)
J 810 cd spectrophotometer, by Jasco (1 mentions)
Syber green master mix, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Invitrogen trizol reagent, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Complete freund s adjuvant cfa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cdna synthesis kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
6 protocols using u 3200
1
Determination of Drug Encapsulation Efficiency
2
Spectroscopic Analysis of Organic Compounds
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1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were recorded at 400 MHz for 1H and at 100 MHz for 13C using TMS as internal standard with Bruker DPX-400 instrument in deuterated solutions. Mass spectra were recorded on Agilent 5973N instrument using EI mode. IR spectra were determined using a Jasco A-302 spectrophotometer. UV and UV-visible spectra were recorded using U-3200 (Hitachi, Japan) and SP-3000 PLUS (Optima, Japan) spectrophotometers. For TLC and column chromatography, aluminum sheets precoated with silica-gel 60 F254 (20 × 20 cm, 0.2 mm thick; E. Merck, Germany) and silica gel (200–300 mesh), respectively, were used. The commercial solvents were used for extraction purpose and were redistilled. For the antioxidant and antiplasmodial activities, analytical grade reagents and chemicals were used.
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1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were recorded at 400 MHz for 1H and at 100 MHz for 13C using TMS as internal standard with Bruker DPX-400 instrument in deuterated solutions. Mass spectra were recorded on Agilent 5973N instrument using EI mode. IR spectra were determined using a Jasco A-302 spectrophotometer. UV and UV-visible spectra were recorded using U-3200 (Hitachi, Japan) and SP-3000 PLUS (Optima, Japan) spectrophotometers. For TLC and column chromatography, aluminum sheets precoated with silica-gel 60 F254 (20 × 20 cm, 0.2 mm thick; E. Merck, Germany) and silica gel (200–300 mesh), respectively, were used. The commercial solvents were used for extraction purpose and were redistilled. For the antioxidant and antiplasmodial activities, analytical grade reagents and chemicals were used.
3
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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To assess the UV spectrum of compounds, (Shimadzu UV-240, Hitachi U-3200, Kyoto, Japan) UV-240 spectrophotometers were used. On IRA-I and JASCO-320-A spectrophotometers, respectively, IR spectra have been reported. On Bruker AM-400, AM-500, and AM-600 spectrometers (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with 400, 500, and 600 aspect data systems, the 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra were observed at 400, 500, and 600 MHz z (instrument used Bruker Biospin, Karlsruhe, Germany). As an internal guide, TMS (tetramethylsilane) was used. The JMS-HX-110 data system spectrometer was used to measure the EI-MS spectra of compounds. The Jasco-DIP-360 digital polarimeter (JASCO, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine the optical rotation of the compounds. TLC was performed with G-25-UV254 pre-coated silica gel plates, and detection was carried out at 254 nm and 10% H2SO4 by ceric sulphate. For column chromatography and flash chromatography, respectively, silica gel (E. Merck,70–230 mesh) and silica gel (E. Merck, 230–400 mesh) were used.
4
Quantifying Drug Entrapment Efficiency
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Efficiency of drug entrapment was determined as previously described [19 (link)] using a UV–visible spectrophotometer (UV-240, Hitachi U-3200, Tokyo, Japan). Mox-Met-Lip and Sul-Met-Lip formulations of Moxifloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole were spun at 12,000 rpm for 30 min. Pellets containing drug were re-suspended in distilled water and subjected to UV spectrophotometry. Moxifloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole were detected at 293 nm and 267 nm. The efficiency of drug entrapment was determined as follows: EE% = (Amount of drug entrapped/Total amount of drug added) × 100.
5
Spectroscopic Analysis of Organic Compounds
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Optical rotations were measured with a P2000 automatic digital Polarimeter. UV spectra were recorded on a Hitachi U-3200. IR spectra were recorded on a shimadzu 8900 FT-IR spectrophotometer in KBr disks. NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance-400, Avance-500, Avance-600 MHz using TMS as an internal standard, with chemical shifts recorded as δ values. ESI-MS data were obtained on an ion-trap (Amazon speed) spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) . HRESI-MS were performed on a MicrOTOF-Q mass spectrometer (Bruker) . The EI-MS and HREI-MS were measured on a Jeol JMS-600H mass spectrometer.
Preparative HPLC was carried out on a Japan Analytical Instrument with a LC-908 W detector using a sil-d-60-80A. Column (250 × 20 mm, 4µm) for a normal phase and ODS H-80 column for reverse phase. Analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on precoated silica gel plates (Merck 60 PF 254 ; 20 × 20; 0.25 mm) . Circular dichroism was performed on a JASCO J-810 CD spectrophotometer. Column chromatography (CC) was carried out on silica gel (70-230 Mesh; Merck), Sephadex LH-20 (40-70 μm, Amersham Biosciences, Sweden), and vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) was performed using silica gel 60 (0.04-0.063 mm; 500 g; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
Preparative HPLC was carried out on a Japan Analytical Instrument with a LC-908 W detector using a sil-d-60-80A. Column (250 × 20 mm, 4µm) for a normal phase and ODS H-80 column for reverse phase. Analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on precoated silica gel plates (Merck 60 PF 254 ; 20 × 20; 0.25 mm) . Circular dichroism was performed on a JASCO J-810 CD spectrophotometer. Column chromatography (CC) was carried out on silica gel (70-230 Mesh; Merck), Sephadex LH-20 (40-70 μm, Amersham Biosciences, Sweden), and vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) was performed using silica gel 60 (0.04-0.063 mm; 500 g; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
6
Synthesis and Characterization of GA-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles
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HPLC grade solvents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. GA was obtained from local market. AgNO 3 , HP, Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), Dexamethasone and Indomethacin were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. Invitrogen TRIzol reagent, cDNA synthesis kit and Syber Green Master Mix were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA).
Synthesis of GA reduced/stabilized green AgNPs (GA-AgNPs)
GA was dissolved in double distilled water, filtered for removal of impurities and freeze dried. GA stock solution (6 mg/mL) was prepared by dissolving its specific quantity in specific volume of deionized water. Initially, various concentrations of GA (3-6 mg/mL) were mixed with AgNO 3 (9 mg/mL) in 1:1 v/v ratio and stirred magnetically at 60 C. The change in color from light yellow to dark yellow indicated the synthesis of GA reduced/stabilized GA-AgNPs. The GA-AgNPs synthesis was further confirmed by observing the characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak through UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-240, Hitachi U-3200). GA-AgNPs were also evaluated for the effects of various concentrations of GA and AgNO 3 .
Synthesis of GA reduced/stabilized green AgNPs (GA-AgNPs)
GA was dissolved in double distilled water, filtered for removal of impurities and freeze dried. GA stock solution (6 mg/mL) was prepared by dissolving its specific quantity in specific volume of deionized water. Initially, various concentrations of GA (3-6 mg/mL) were mixed with AgNO 3 (9 mg/mL) in 1:1 v/v ratio and stirred magnetically at 60 C. The change in color from light yellow to dark yellow indicated the synthesis of GA reduced/stabilized GA-AgNPs. The GA-AgNPs synthesis was further confirmed by observing the characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak through UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-240, Hitachi U-3200). GA-AgNPs were also evaluated for the effects of various concentrations of GA and AgNO 3 .
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