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19 protocols using glass bottomed dish

1

Immunofluorescent Imaging of DNA Damage Markers

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HCT116 cells were cultured in a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek). Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde/PBS, for 15 min at room temperature. Cells were antibody stained with primary antibodies (anti-53BP1, anti-FANCD2, anti-BLM) and secondary antibodies (anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 594, anti-goat Alexa Fluor 594, GFP-Booster ATTO 488). Microscopy was performed using a DeltaVision microscope (GE) with a x60 objective. 41 Z-stacks of 0.3 μM were taken and deconvolution was performed using the SoftWoRx software (DeltaVision). Maximum intensity projections (MIP) were created using Volocity software (PerkinElmer). Unless stated otherwise, images shown are projections.
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2

Imaging Live Cell Nuclei with SiR-DNA

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HCT116 cells were cultured in a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek) containing medium without phenol red. To visualise nuclei in live cells, 0.5 μM SiR-DNA (Spirochrome) was added to the medium before observation. Live-cell imaging was performed using a DeltaVision microscope equipped with an incubation chamber and a CO2 supply (GE). Image analysis and quantification was performed using the Volocity software (PerkinElmer).
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3

Zebrafish Embryo Angiogenesis Imaging Protocol

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Tg(fli1a:eGFP) ZF (Danio rerio) embryos used in this study come from a Tübingen background. Embryos were maintained at 28°C in Danieau 0.3X medium (17.4 mM NaCl, 0.2 mM KCl, 0.1 mM MgSO4, 0.2 mM Ca(NO3)2) buffered with HEPES 0.15 mM (pH = 7.6), supplemented with 200 µM of 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (Sigma-Aldrich) after 24 hpf. At 48 hpf, embryos were freed from their chorion and mount in an agarose drop (0.8%) deposited on a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek) compatible with high-resolution imaging. The embryos were positioned in the microscopic framework in order to overlap the DA longitudinal axis with the x-axis and the intersegmental vein (ISV) with the y-axis. For lidocaine treatment experiments, embryos were incubated in Danieau with 0.0015% lidocaine versus control vehicle (EtOH) for 2 h before mounting and imaging. Pacemaker activity of the heart was assessed using a USB 3.0 uEye IDS charge-coupled device (CCD) camera (IDEX) mounted on a DMIRE2 inverted microscope (Leica) using transmitted light. Heartbeats were acquired at 80 fps. Kymographic analysis was performed for extracting the beat frequency.
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4

Live Embryo Imaging Workflow

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Injected embryos were transferred to the environmental chamber of the spinning disk microscope (Andor Revolution XD System with a Nikon Eclipse Ti Spinning Disk) and imaged for 2 days. Twenty-one z-stacks per time step (20 or 30 min) were taken, with two channels (567 nm excitation for ESC visualisation, and bright field). Temperature (37°C), CO2 concentration (7%) and fluorescence exposure (148 ms of 567, 300 ms bright field) were standardised. Prior to each imaging experiment, the incubation chamber (Oko Lab) was allowed to stabilise to 37°C. The CO2 concentration was generated by an active mixer (Life Imaging Sciences) and humidified before supply to the sample. Embryos were immobilised using a 118×118 µm polyester mesh (Plastok Group) in a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek Corporation). An Andor 85 camera recorded images with magnification through a Plan Fluor 40×/1.3 NA oil lens. Each experiment was set up using Andor IQ Software. A multi-position map was created: every embryo was manually assigned an x-y-z location at its centre and visited (starting from the upper-most plane) by the 40× lens at each time point of data acquisition. Channels were sequentially acquired per z-section. Each image collected data in 502×501 (width×height) pixels, 2 μm per pixel.
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5

Polyacrylamide Gel Synthesis for Cell Culture

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PAA gels with Young modulus E = 30 kPa—which matches approximately the stiffness of the majority of abdominal organs and the skin (Guimarães et al., 2020 (link))—were produced according to a previously published protocol (Bazellières et al., 2015 (link)). A PBS solution containing 12% acrylamide (161-0140; Bio-Rad), 0.15% bis-acrylamide (161-0142; Bio-Rad), plus 0.05% ammonium persulfate (A3678; Sigma-Aldrich) and 0.05% tetramethyl ethylenediamine (T9281-25 Ml; Sigma-Aldrich) was prepared and allowed to polymerize between a coverslip and a glass-bottomed dish (Mattek). Alternatively, 3% acrylamide and 0.03% bis-acrylamide were used to make 300 Pa gels. The PAA gel surface was then incubated with a solution of 2 mg ml−1 Sulfo-SANPAH (4822589; Thermo Fisher Scientific) under ultraviolet light for 5 min (wavelength of 365 nm at 5 cm distance). After that, the excess Sulfo-SANPAH was removed by three consecutive 3-min washes with PBS. A solution of fibronectin 0.1 mg ml−1 (F0895; Sigma-Aldrich) was added on top of the gels and left overnight at 4°C.
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6

Ex vivo Imaging of GFP Reporter Mice Tissues

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Ex vivo imaging of GFP expressing cells of Nr4a1GFP reporter mice was done on freshly collected tissues. All samples were kept on ice in PBS and placed onto a glass bottomed dish (MatTek Corporation) with mounting media Fluoromount-G (Southern Biotech) or Vectashield H-1000 (Vector Laboratories). Intestines were opened longitudinally and placed with the lumen down. The initial focal plane was chosen at 10 and 15 μm from the surface of the tissue and Z stack data for movies was collected from 5 to 60 μm. Images were acquired using 40x objective in inverted Zeiss LSM 700 or 780 confocal microscope. Bright field contrast adjustments were applied and movies were captured using Zen 2012 Lite software (Carl Zeiss). For immunofluorescence (IF) staining, cleaned intestines were fixed in paraformaldehyde, passed through 10% and 20% sucrose and snap-frozen. Staining was performed and images were acquired as described in detail in Supplemental Procedures.
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7

Fura-2 Fluorescence in Salivary Acinar Cells

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Fura2 fluorescence was measured in single HEK293 cells as described previously (42 ), using a Till Photonics Polychrome V spectrofluorimeter (FEI, Hillsboro, OR) and MetaFluor imaging software (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA) on an Olympus IX21 microscope (Olympus, Center Valley, PA). For dispersed acinar cells from mouse salivary glands, cells were incubated with 2 µM fura2-AM and allowed to attach to a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek Corp., Ashland, MA) for 30 min at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator. Cells were selected based on their acinar-like morphology. Experiments were primarily done by stimulating cells with CCh in a Ca2+-containing standard extracellular solution (SES; 145 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 10 mM HEPES, 10 mM glucose, 1 mM CaCl2, pH 7.4 (NaOH), (42 )). For Ca2+ addback or extracellular Ca2+-free experiments, cells were stimulated in SES without 1 mM CaCl2 present in the buffer.
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8

Live-cell imaging of DNA damage foci

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Cells were visualized using a DeltaVision microscope equipped with deconvolution software, an incubation chamber, and a CO2 supply (GE Healthcare Life Sciences). For live-cell imaging, HCT116 cells were cultured in a glass-bottomed dish (MatTek) at 37°C with 5% CO2. To visualize nuclei in live cells, 10 µg/mL Hoechst 33342 was added to the medium before observation. DNA damage foci were analyzed using the Volocity software (PerkinElmer).
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9

Cyanide-Induced Metabolic Imaging

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The OKF6 cells were plated at a density of 105 cells per 35 mm glass-bottomed dish (MatTek Corp.). After 48 hours, fluorescence lifetime images of NADH and FAD were acquired. Then, the media was replaced with cyanide-supplemented media (4 mM NaCN, Sigma). After five minutes of cyanide treatment, fluorescence lifetime images of NADH and FAD were acquired.
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10

Imaging Spheroids and Monolayers

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Bright-field images were obtained with the help of a Zeiss Axiovert 135 microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy) equipped with a standard color camera (Canon 650D, Canon, Ota, Japan) and a low magnification objective (Leitz LD A-Plan 20×/0.3, Wetzlar, Germany). Fluorescence stainings were imaged by structured illumination microscopy using an ApoTome.2 mounted onto an Axio Imager M.2 microscope using an Axiocam MRm camera (Carl Zeiss Microscopy) via a 20× objective (Plan-Apochromat 20×/0.8 DIC, Carl Zeiss Microscopy) or a 63× oil objective (63×/1.4 Oil DIC M27, Carl Zeiss Microscopy) with ZEN 3.0 blue edition software (2464 × 2056 pixel, binning 2X2). For the recording of actin- and ZO1-staining in AC-1M-88 spheroids and Ishikawa monolayers, a Zeiss LSM 710 DUO confocal microscope was used. For spheroid visualization, single spheroids were transferred in PBS into a glass-bottomed dish (14 mm diameter, thickness no. 1·5, MatTek, Ashland, MA, USA) and imaged with an LGK 7872 ML8 argon ion laser with appropriate emission bandpass filters via a 20× objective (20×/0.8 M27) using Zen black 2.1 SP3 software (all Carl Zeiss Microscopy). Ishikawa cells were visualized using the same setup but with a 40× objective (LD C-Apochromat 40×/1.1 W Korr M27, Carl Zeiss Microscopy). Image processing was performed with the open-source, image-processing program Fiji based on ImageJ [49 (link)].
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