Y idt drawing tube

The terminology and procedures used in this study follow those described previously [34 ,35 ]. Line drawings were produced using a Nikon 50i microscope equipped with a Nikon Y-IDT drawing tube. Permanent mounts were made for genital parts, which were first soaked in 10% potassium chloride solution, washed in water and then slowly dehydrated in ethanol (for details see [12 (link)]). Dehydrated specimens were then embedded in Euparal mounting medium (Chroma-Gesellschaft), and when appropriate, further dissections of genital parts were made within Euparal on a slide or halved glass cover slip glued onto a halved paper glue board (for details see [36 ]).

Soil samples were collected randomly from a pristine forest inthe Bat Xat Nature Reserve, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples using modified Baermann funnel technique (Southey, 1986 ).
They were heat killed, fixed in 4% formaldehyde (for morphological observations) or in a DESS mixture (Yoder et al., 2006 (link)) (for molecular analyses), transferred to anhydrous glycerol (Seinhorst, 1962 (link)), and mounted on glass slides for microscopic observation. Measurements were performed with a Nikon digital camera on a Nikon Eclipse Ni microscope at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Vietnam. Observations of morphological diagnostic features and light microscope were taken with a Nikon digital camera mounted on a Nikon Eclipse Ni microscope. Illustrations were drawn using a Nikon Eclipse Ni microscope equipped with a Nikon Y-IDT drawing tube. Photographs and illustrations were edited by using Adobe Photoshop CC 2018.