Maltose and glucose assay kit

The hippocampal tissues of different groups of mice were lysed to obtain hippocampal tissue homogenates. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, the Maltose and Glucose Assay Kit (RayBiotech, USA) was used to detect the glucose concentration in the hippocampal tissue homogenates, while the l-Lactate Assay Kit (Cayman, USA) was used to determine the concentration of lactic acid in the hippocampal tissue homogenate according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The glucose and lactate levels in mouse hippocampus and celebrate cortex were corrected for that of control group.

Flow cytometry antibodies and reagents: FITC-conjugated anti-mouse CD11b, APC-conjugated anti-mouse CD45, PE-conjugated anti-mouse LAMP1 and PE-conjugated anti-mouse CD86 were purchased from Biolegend (USA), anti-CD16/CD32 Fc Block and myelin removal reads were purchased from Miltenyi Biotec (Germany). Western blot and immunofluorescence (IF) antibodies: IBA-1 (R&D systems, USA); VGLUT1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA); LAMP1 and CD68 were purchased from Abcam (United Kingdom); albumin, PSD95 and PKM2 were purchased from Proteintech (China). β-catenin, Cyclin-D1, c-Myc, ENO1, PFKFB3, HK1, LDHA, PDK1, GLUT1 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (USA), horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-linked goat anti-rabbit IgG (Fcmacs, China), NeuN (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), donkey anti-rat IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 647) (Abcam), goat anti-mouse IgG-TRITC (Abcam), rabbit anti-goat IgG-FITC (Fcmacs). ELISA kit: Maltose and Glucose assay kit (RayBiotech, USA), l-lactate assay kit (Cayman, USA), interleukin (IL)-6 (Fcmacs, China), IL-1β (Fcmacs, China). TRIzol reagent and SYBR green dye were bought from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, USA). PKM2 overexpression plasmid was purchased from Nanjing Jereh Company (China), and RFectPM Eukaryotic DNA Transfection Kit was purchased from Changzhou EMI Company (China). β-catenin protein inhibitor (KYA1797K) was purchased from MCE Company (USA).