Compound c

Oligomycin, rotenone, and cyanide p‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl‐hydrazone (FCCP) were obtained from Seahorse Biosciences; recombinant IL‐22 was provided by Novoprotein (China); cisplatin (Cisp.), MitoTracker Green, LY294002, 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrachloro‐1,1′,3,3′‐tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC‐1), and compound C were obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology (China); antibodies targeting Glut1, β‐Actin, p‐AMPKα, AMPK, and GAPDH were purchased from Abcam; antibodies for STAT3, p‐STAT3 (Y705), AKT, p‐AKT (S473), PFKFB3, and Capase‐3 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology; rapamycin, palmitic acid (Palm.), Z‐VAD‐FMK, and glucose were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich; MitoSOX, Hoechst33342, MitoTracker Red, and PKH26 were obtained from Invitrogen.

4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), penicillin-streptomycin, and trypsin were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). RPMI 1640 was purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). The TRIzol reagent kit was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Ex Taq DNA polymerase was purchased from TaKaRa Bio Inc. (Shiga, Japan), and SYBR Green PCR Master Mix was purchased from Roche (Basel, Switzerland). The assay kits of superoxide dismutase (SOD, #mbs237a), peroxidase (POD, #mbca502), catalase (CAT, #mbe12189), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, #a015a), malondialdehyde (MDA, #a00312), and triglyceride (TG) were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Institute of Biotechnology (Nanjing, China). BCA protein assay kit was purchased from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Compound C, NAC, and ML385 were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Institute (Shanghai, China). The rabbit anti-Nrf2 (A0647), Keap1 (A17062), AMPK (A1009), p-AMPK (AP0637), ACC1 (AG16452), p-ACC1 (A1346), and SREBP-1 (AB133125) antibodies were purchased from ABclonal Technology (Wuhan, China. Goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) (GB21303) secondary antibody was purchased from Wuhan Servicebio Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China); and goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) FITC (BL033A) antibody was obtained from Biosharp (Hefei, China).