Base and advanced statistics

McNemar’s tests were carried out between the two correct answer rates at Pre-1 and Pre-2, Pre-2 and Post-1, Pre-2 and Post-2, and Post-1 and Post-2. The Bonferroni method was used to adjust for multiple comparisons on time-series data. As the tests were conducted four times using time-series data for each knowledge item, a p-value of <0.0125 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. IBM SPSS Statistics version 24.0; Base and Advanced Statistics (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan) was used for the statistical analysis.

Data from the questionnaire surveys were summarized using descriptive statistics [i.e., mean (standard deviation, SD) and median (interquartile range, IQR)] and used for statistical analysis. The Bonferroni method was applied to test for the correction of multiple hypotheses testing for time-series data. Therefore, the difference in the knowledge and attitude scores of nurses and nurse-midwives was considered to be significant if the p-value was less than 0.0125. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24.0; Base and Advanced Statistics (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan). For descriptive data, illustrative quotes were extracted and reported.