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4 protocols using gsk3β

1

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Total protein was isolated from BMECs using a tissue protein extraction kit (Nanjing KeyGEN Biotech. Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China), and protein concentration was measured using a BCA assay kit (Nanjing KeyGEN). The protein loading volume was adjusted to 30 μg/well. Proteins were subjected to gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE, 12.5%) and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Sigma-Aldrich). PVDF membranes were incubated with β-catenin, GSK3β, phospho-GSK3β (Bioss, Beijing, China), axin-1, TCF-4, cyclinD1 (Biosciences, Shanghai, China), and β-actin (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) antibodies for 12 h at 4°C and washed 3 times with TBST, before incubation with horseradish peroxidase-labeled secondary antibodies (Abcam) for 2 h at 25°C and a final thrice wash with TBST. Exposure and capturing of images were performed using an ECL chemiluminescent color development solution (Shanghai Epizyme Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai). Grayscale values were analyzed using the ImageJ software.
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2

Western Blot Protein Analysis

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Cell-lysate protein concentrations were determined using a BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, which were probed with primary antibodies: mouse polyclonal Akt, GSK-3β, CDK4, and β-catenin (1:1000; Bioss, Beijing, China); rabbit polyclonal p-Akt, vimentin, cyclin D1, MYH9, c-Jun, vimentin, Sox2, and Oct-4 (1:1000; Bioss, Beijing, China), and rabbit polyclonal PI3K, p-PI3K, and HMGA1 (1:1000; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, USA). Rabbit monoclonal anti-β-actin antibody (1:1000; CoWin Bioscience, Beijing, China) was used for normalization. HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit or anti-mouse IgG antibodies were used as secondary antibodies (1:2000; CoWin Bioscience, Beijing, China). Proteins were detected using an enhanced chemiluminescence reagent (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Images were captured using a ChemiDocTM CRS + Molecular Imager (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Grayscale semi-quantification of the bands is shown in Supplemental Fig. 4 for all western blots.
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3

Comprehensive Immunoblotting Assay Protocol

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The primary antibodies recognized as following: CDK6 (Proteintech, 19117-1-AP), p27 (Proteintech, 25614-1-AP), MMP2 (Proteintech, 10373-2-AP), MMP9 (Proteintech, 10375-2-AP), Histone H3 (Proteintech, 17168-1-AP), β-actin (Proteintech, 60008-1-Ig), GSK3β (Bioss, bs-0023M), p-GSK3β (Ser9) (abcam, ab75745), cyclin D1 (Cell Signaling Technology, #2922), pro-caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 (Cell Signaling Technology, #9662), pro-PARP/cleaved PARP (Cell Signaling Technology, #9532), E-cadherin (Cell Signaling Technology, #14472), Vimentin (Cell Signaling Technology, #5741), β-catenin (Cell Signaling Technology, #8480), Ki-67 (Abclonal, A2094). The secondary antibodies were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, IL, USA). OMT was purchased from Aladdin regents (A111285). Taxol was obtained from Aladdin regents (P106869).
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4

Moxifloxacin-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy

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MOX was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich/Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany; European Pharmacopoeia Reference Standard), and a purity of > 95%. MOX was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). FBS was provided by Zhejiang Dayhang biological technology (Hangzhou, China). Penicillin-streptomycin Solution, Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). MTT, diaminobenzidine (DAB), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes and hematoxylin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich/Merck KGaA. The reagents 3-methyladenine (3-MA), chloroquine (CQ) and DMSO were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich/Merck KGaA. Antibodies used in this study were against LC3B (CST, 2775S, USA), P62 (CST, 5114T, USA), AKT (CST, 9272S, USA), Phospho-AKT (Ser473) (Beyotime, AA329, China), mTOR (CST, 2972S, USA), Phospho-mTOR (S2448) (Boster, BM4840, China), p70S6K (Bioss, bs-6370R, China), Phospho-p70S6K (Ser417) (Bioss, bs-5668R, China), GSK3β (Bioss, bs-0023RR, China), Phospho-GSK3β (Bioss, bs-0028RR, China), Ki67 (Bioss, bs-23103, China), β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich, A1978, Germany), goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) (H+L)-horseradish peroxidase (HRP; SunGene GmbH, LK2001, Germany) and goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L)-HRP (OriGene Technologies, ZB-2305, USA).
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