DMADDM was synthesized and verified in a previous study [38 (link)] (Supplementary Materials ). DMADDM was mixed with EndoREZ (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA), at a DMADDM/(EndoREZ + DMADDM) mass fraction of 0% (control group), 1.25%, and 2.5%, agitated for 5 min and light-cured for 10s to promote both chemical structures of the main components in DMADDM and EndoREZ feature double bonds form cross-link structures (Figure S1 ).
Endorez
Manufactured by Ultradent
Sourced in United States
EndoREZ is a laboratory equipment product. It is designed for root canal treatment procedures.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
6 protocols using endorez
1
Synthesis and Characterization of DMADDM-EndoREZ Composite
2
Synthesis and Formulation of DMADDM
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3
Bioactive Endodontic Sealer Development
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DMADDM was synthesized and verified according to a method described previously. The MNPs used consisted of ferrimagnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) particles 50–100 nm in size (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) [55 (link),56 (link)]. DMADDM and MNPs were mixed with EndoREZ (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA) together or singly. The specimens were prepared according to a previous study [14 (link)].
These four groups were investigated:
(1) Unmodified EndoREZ (designated “Control”)
(2) EndoREZ + 1% MNPs (designated as “1% MNP”)
(3) EndoREZ + 2% MNPs (designated as “2% MNP”)
(4) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM (designated as “2.5% DMADDM”)
(5) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNPs (designated as “2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNP”)
(6) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM + 2% MNPs (designated as “2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNP”)
The sealers were placed in cylindrical plastic molds (5 mm in diameter and 2.5 mm in height) for cytotoxicity and solubility tests. Resin flakes were made using a 48-well plate cover as a mold to test the antibacterial effect; 20 mg of each sealer was placed on the flakes as flatly as possible. All the samples were transferred into new 24-well plates in a humid environment at 37 °C for 7 days and sterilized using an ethylene oxide sterilizer.
These four groups were investigated:
(1) Unmodified EndoREZ (designated “Control”)
(2) EndoREZ + 1% MNPs (designated as “1% MNP”)
(3) EndoREZ + 2% MNPs (designated as “2% MNP”)
(4) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM (designated as “2.5% DMADDM”)
(5) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNPs (designated as “2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNP”)
(6) EndoREZ + 2.5% DMADDM + 2% MNPs (designated as “2.5% DMADDM + 1% MNP”)
The sealers were placed in cylindrical plastic molds (5 mm in diameter and 2.5 mm in height) for cytotoxicity and solubility tests. Resin flakes were made using a 48-well plate cover as a mold to test the antibacterial effect; 20 mg of each sealer was placed on the flakes as flatly as possible. All the samples were transferred into new 24-well plates in a humid environment at 37 °C for 7 days and sterilized using an ethylene oxide sterilizer.
4
Rheological Properties of Endodontic Sealers
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Rheological properties of three endodontic sealers, MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Brazil — #26239), AH Plus (Dentsply, Germany — #1307000833), and EndoREZ (Ultradent, USA — #B875J) were measured using a high-performance strain-controlled Compact Modular Rheometer — (MCR 301-PHYSICA) (Anton Paar, Germany), with cone and plate geometry (cone angle ¼ 0.1 radian and cone diameter ¼ 25 mm), and Peltier plate-temperature control (±0.1°C).[6 (link)]
The endodontic sealers (n = 30) were freshly mixed according to the manufacturers’ instructions, weighed precisely 1 mg with a digital balance (Toledo, Germany) and were placed on the plate of the rheometer. The relative humidity impact was minimized by ensuring that there was an extra sealer within the outer rim of the cone.[6 (link)7 (link)]
Rheological properties of the sealers including G″, G′, Tan δ and η* were studied using dynamic oscillatory shear test. Amplitude sweep test was performed to obtain an optimum strain rate with the frequency fixed at 10s−1. After establishing the linear region, measurement was taken as a function of frequency (from 0.01 to 100 s−1) using RHEOPLUS/32 software. The sealers were tested at 25°C (n = 15) and 37°C (n = 15).
The results of all measurements were analyzed statistically (P < 0.005) using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
The endodontic sealers (n = 30) were freshly mixed according to the manufacturers’ instructions, weighed precisely 1 mg with a digital balance (Toledo, Germany) and were placed on the plate of the rheometer. The relative humidity impact was minimized by ensuring that there was an extra sealer within the outer rim of the cone.[6 (link)7 (link)]
Rheological properties of the sealers including G″, G′, Tan δ and η* were studied using dynamic oscillatory shear test. Amplitude sweep test was performed to obtain an optimum strain rate with the frequency fixed at 10s−1. After establishing the linear region, measurement was taken as a function of frequency (from 0.01 to 100 s−1) using RHEOPLUS/32 software. The sealers were tested at 25°C (n = 15) and 37°C (n = 15).
The results of all measurements were analyzed statistically (P < 0.005) using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
5
Evaluation of Endodontic Sealers
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Four endodontic sealers were evaluated : methacrylate resin (EndoREZ, Ultradent), epoxy resin(AH Plus, De Tray-Dentsply), calcium hydroxide (Apexit, Vivadent) and silicone (GuttaFlow, Roeko) based.
6
Comparative Evaluation of Dental Sealers
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Two methacrylate resin-based sealers Endo Rez (ER, Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT) and Epiphany/ Resilon (RS, SybronEndo, Orange, CA) and two epoxy-based sealers AH Plus (AH, Dentsply/ DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) and MTA Fill Apex (MTAF) (Angelus Soluções Odontológicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil) were used in this study.
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