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8 protocols using sodium tert butoxide

1

Synthesis of Substituted Aryl Compounds

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Unless otherwise specified, air-sensitive manipulations were carried either in a N2 filled glove box or using standard Schlenk techniques under Ar. 2-Formylphenyl boronic acid, N-iodosuccinimide (AK Scientific); Pd(PPh3)4; Pd2(dba)3, (1,1′-diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu), hydrazine hydrate (Sigma Aldrich), 4-chloro-2-nitronaniline (Combi-Blocks), Na2CO3, zinc, formic acid, and NiCl2·6H2O (Alfa Aesar) were used as purchased.
Organic solvents were dried and distilled using appropriate drying agents prior to use. 1- and 2D NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker Avance 300 MHz or Bruker Avance – III 500 MHz spectrometers. 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectra were referenced to residual solvent peaks. Elemental analyses were performed at the University of Manitoba using a PerkinElmer 2400 Series II CHNS/O Elemental Analyzer. tBuLH and CF3LH were synthesized according to literature procedures.19 (link)
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2

In Vitro Enzyme Kinetics Analysis

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3,4-Dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (l-dopa), dopamine hydrochloride, hydrogen peroxide (30% vol⁄vol), potassium ferricyanide, sodium periodate, nickel sulfate eptahydrate, copper acetate, ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), sodium dithionite, sodium borohydride, horseradish peroxidase (HRP; donor: H2O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7) and sodium tert-butoxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All solvents were HPLC grade. Bidistilled deionized water was used throughout the study.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of Carbazolyl Derivatives

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Commercially available hexaazatriphenylenehexacabonitrile (HAT-CN), tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA), 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(3,6-diphenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,4- benzenedicarbonitrile (4CzTPN-Ph), bis(1-phenyl-isoquinoline-C2,N)(acetylacetonato)iridium(III) (Ir(piq)2 (acac)), 2,4,6-tris[3-(diphenylphosphinyl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine (PO-T2T), 2,2′,2′’-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi), fluorolithium (LiF) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received.
The starting materials i.e. 9H-carbazole, sodium tert-butoxide, tetrakis-triphenylphosphine palladium (Pd(PPh3)4), ethyl bromide, glacial acetic and sulfuric acids, copper (Cu), potassium iodide (KI), potassium iodate (KIO3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), potassium hydroxide (KOH), copper cyanide (CuCN), 18-crown-6, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole was synthesized according to the previously reported procedure [27] (link). 9-Ethyl-3,6-diiodo-9H-carbazole was obtained similarly to the known procedure [28] (link). Synthetic procedures and the structural characterization of the cyanocarbazolyl derivatives are described in Supporting Information.
In addition, procedures of the provided experiments are presented in Supporting Information (see section Instrumentation).
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4

Synthesis of 4-bromo-N,N-dibutylmaine Compound

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The following chemicals and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich: 4-bromo-N,N-dibutylmaime, tri-tert-butylphosphine (P(t-Bu)3), potassium persulfate, sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu), lithium bis(oxalate)borate, diethylaminoethanol (EtOH), dichloromethane (DCM), tetrahydrofuran (THF), furfural, dimethylformamide (DMF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, average MW: ∼120 000). In addition, 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, 1,4-aminobenzene were purchased from TCI, and tri(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)(Pd2(dba)3) was purchased from Strem Chemicals. All the reagents were used without further purification.
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5

Synthesis of 8-Bromo-6-methylquinoline

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Air-sensitive manipulations were performed in either a N 2 -filled glove box or using standard Schlenk techniques in argon atmosphere. Pd 2 (dba) 3 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd(OAc) 2 , (±)-2,2′bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalene (rac-BINAP), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), sodium tert-amoxide (NaOtAm) and sodium tert-butoxide (NaOtBu) were purchased (Sigma Aldrich) and used without further purification. 8-Bromo-6-methylquinoline, 40
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6

Synthesis of Functional Acrylamides

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Acrylamide (1, 2-propenamide, 98%) was purchased from TCI, 15 (link) N-ammonium chloride was purchased from Eurisotop, acryloyl chloride was purchased from ABCR, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), triethylamine (NEt 3 ), 4-dimetylaminopyridine (DMAP), 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-en (DBU), triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 ) and sodium tert-butoxide (NaO t Bu, 97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals were used as received except acryloyl chloride was distilled before use.
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7

Synthesis of Carbazole Derivatives

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2-Amino-3-formylpyridine,
4-bromoacetophenone, palladium(0) tetrakis(triphenylphosphine), phenothiazine,
phenoxazine, sodium tert-butoxide, tert-butylchloride, zinc chloride (purchased from Aldrich), 3,7-di-tert-butyldimethylacridane (purchased from FMTC), sodium
sulfate, and sodium hydroxide (purchased from Euro Chemicals) were
used as received. Thin-layer chromatography was performed by using
TLC plates covered with a silica gel matrix on aluminum backing (purchased
from Aldrich). 3,6-Di-tert-butyl-carbazole was synthesized
according to the reported procedure.25 (link)
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8

Heterocyclic Compounds Synthesis Protocol

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NMR spectra were registered using a Bruker Avance 400 spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Germany), MALDI-TOF spectra were obtained with a Bruker Autoflex II spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) using 1,8,9-trihydroxyanthracene as a matrix and polyethylene glycols (PEGs) as internal standards. Dichloropyrimidine, dichloropyrazine, dichloroisoquinoline, BINAP, DavePhos and JosiPhos ligands, sodium tert-butoxide, and potassium carbonate were purchased from Aldrich (Daltonics, Germany) and Acros (Morris Plains, NJ, USA) and used without further purification. Amines 4a and 4b were prepared according to reported procedures of References [43 ,44 (link)], respectively. Amines 4c and 4e,g,h, were obtained according to a method described in Reference [45 ], amines 4d and 4f were obtained according to methods described in References [39 (link),46 (link)]. Pd(dba)2 was synthesized from PdCl2 according to a known procedure [47 (link)]. Dioxane was distilled over NaOH followed by the distillation over sodium under argon. Dimethylformamide was distilled over sodium hydride under reduced pressure. Dichloromethane and methanol were used freshly distilled.
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