Trumac cns analyzer

Manufactured by Leco

Sourced in United States

The TruMac CNS Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed to determine the total carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur content in a wide range of solid and liquid samples. It uses a combustion-based technique to analyze the sample and provide accurate measurements of these key elements.

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8 protocols using trumac cns analyzer

Nutrient Uptake Analysis in Maize Cob and Shoot

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The harvested cob and shoot samples were collected from the respective plot which was then cleaned and kept in paper bags, separately. The plant’s samples were analyzed from the second cycle crop to determine the nutrient concentration and quality parameters. The fresh cob samples were weighed in the paper bags, then dried in an oven at 70°C until a consistent weight. The dried materials were then ground and passed through a 4 mm sieve. The Leco TruMac CNS analyzer was used to calculate the total N. The total content of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, and Mn in plant and grain samples was extracted by the dry ashing method [45 ]. The amount of P was determined by auto-analyzer (Yellow method) from the same sample and the other elements was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (A Analyst 800, PerkinElmer Corporation, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA). The nutrient uptake was estimated by multiplying with biomass (oven-dry weight) by nutrient concentration using the following equation [46 ];

Nutrient uptake = \frac{Nutrient concentration (%) \times dry biomass weight (g)}{100}

Islam M.S., Kasim S., Amin A.M., Alam M.K., Khatun M.F., Ahmed S., Gaber A, & Hossain A. (2023). Foliar application of enriched banana pseudostem sap influences the nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of sweet corn grown in an acidic soil. PLOS ONE, 18(8), e0285954.

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Soil and Litter Chemical Analysis

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The litter and soil samples were measured for pH in 1 M KCl (soil/liquid ratio 1:5 for litter and 1:2.5 for soil samples). The electric conductivity (EC) values in the soil samples were measured at 25 °C and 5:1 water/soil ratio. Organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (Nt), and total sulfur (St) contents were measured using LECO TruMac® CNS analyzer and total Ca and Mg and Al contents after digestion in a mixture of HNO₃ and 60% HClO₄ acid at a ratio of 3:1 (litter) and 1:3 (soil samples) by ICP-OES. Based on C and Nt content, the C/N ratio was calculated.

Likus-Cieślik J., Pietrzykowski M, & Chodak M. (2018). Chemistry of Sulfur-Contaminated Soil Substrate from a Former Frasch Extraction Method Sulfur Mine Leachate with Various Forms of Litter in a Controlled Experiment. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 229(3), 71.

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Soil Physicochemical Characterization Protocol

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Samples of bulk soil, either collected directly on the mine sites or from the greenhouse experiment, were air-dried, sieved at 2 mm, and kept in plastic bags until further processing. One gram of this soil was ground to a fine powder (0.5 mm diameter particles) prior to physicochemical analyses for carbon, nitrogen and sulfur.
Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) were quantified using the TruMac CNS analyzer (LECO Corporation, MI, United States) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Water pH and buffer pH were measured using the methods described by the Canadian Society of Soil Science (Gregorich and Carter, 2007 ) using the Thermo Scientific Orion 2-Star Benchtop pH meter. Extractable phosphorus (P) and exchangeable cations (potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and sodium (Na) were extracted with a Mehlich III extraction buffer (Gregorich and Carter, 2007 ) and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using an optical emission spectrometer (OES; Optima 7300 DV, Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, United States).

Rheault K., Lachance D., Morency M.J., Thiffault É., Guittonny M., Isabel N., Martineau C, & Séguin A. (2020). Plant Genotype Influences Physicochemical Properties of Substrate as Well as Bacterial and Fungal Assemblages in the Rhizosphere of Balsam Poplar. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 575625.

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Soil Nutrient Analysis of Chernozem Transect

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A Dark Brown Chernozem soil collected near Saskatoon, SK—Canada was used in the study. The upper and lower slopes included an Ardill Association (upper Apk) upper slope (Rego—low organic matter) and a low-slope (Eluviated—high organic matter) on a transect, respectively. Soils were air-dried, sieved to pass a 5 mm mesh and analyzed for nutrient contents including total nitrogen (TN), measured by dry combustion method using a LECO TruMac CNS Analyzer, total carbon (TC) and total organic carbon (TOC), measured according to Dhillon et al.^{69 (link)} using a LECO C-632 Carbon Analyzer. Soil organic Matter (OM) was analyzed using the dry-ash method⁷⁰. Soil pH was measured in a 2:1 soil: water slurry. Soil available ammonium and nitrate were determined colorimetrically (660 and 520 nm, respectively) according to Laverty and Bollo-Kamara⁷¹. Available phosphorus and potassium were measured using a modified Kelowna extraction^{72 (link)} and available sulfate by a calcium chloride extraction⁷⁰.

Mitter E.K., Germida J.J, & de Freitas J.R. (2021). Impact of diesel and biodiesel contamination on soil microbial community activity and structure. Scientific Reports, 11, 10856.

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Soil Nutrient and Characterization Protocol

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Soil was air-dried and passed through a 5 mm sieve to remove large debris and rocks. Soil nitrate (NO₃) and ammonium (NH₄) extractions were performed using 2.0 M KCl [48 ] and analyzed on an AutoAnalyzer 3 (SEAL, UK). Soil pH was measured with a pH probe (Mettler Toledo, USA) using a 1:2 soil to 0.1 M CaCl₂ solution [49 ]. Air-dried, sieved soil was ball-ground (Retsch MM-400, Germany) and 0.25 g of soil was used to determine total N and C. Total C was combusted at 1100°C with a LECO C632 analyzer (LECO, USA) and total N was combusted at 1250°C with the TruMac CNS analyzer (LECO, USA).

Aguiar M., Conway A.J., Bell J.K, & Stewart K.J. (2023). Agroecosystem edge effects on vegetation, soil properties, and the soil microbial community in the Canadian prairie. PLOS ONE, 18(4), e0283832.

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Soil Chemical Characterization Protocol

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Soil chemical properties encompassed soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), and available (extractable) phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). The soil pH was determined using distilled water suspension [34 ] with glass electrode pH meter, Jenway 3505 (Essex, England). Approximately 25.0 g of homogenized soil sample was used for the determination of CEC using double acid method described by Chapman [35 ]. Subsequently, the leachate was examined using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer 5100 PC, Massachusetts, USA) for the Ca, K and Mg; and using the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission (PerkinElmer Optima 8300, Massachusetts, USA) for the P. The total C, N and S were determined using LECO TruMac CNS Analyzer (Michigan, USA).

Mohamed J., Abdul-Hamid H., Mohamed E., Mohamad-Ismail F.N., Abiri R., Jalil A.M., Megat-Wahab P.E., Moradi M, & Naji H.R. (2022). Evaluation of Gigantochloa scortechinii and soil interaction in three study sites in Malaysia. Heliyon, 8(12), e12206.

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Macronutrient and Ash Content Analysis

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The middle rhizome wall portion was used to analyze the total concentration of primary macronutrients (N, P, and K), secondary macronutrients (Ca, Mg, and S) and the AC. The total N and S were determined using LECO TruMac CNS Analyzer (Michigan, USA). The total Ca, Mg, P and K were digested using the aqua regia method (ISO, 1995) and the concentrations were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer 5100 PC, Massachusetts, USA) for the determinations of Ca, K and Mg, and by using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission (PerkinElmer Optima 8300, Massachusetts, USA) for the remaining nutrient elements. The AC was analyzed according to the standard American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E1755-95 (2001) [36 ].

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Characterization of Unsulfured Molasses

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Unsulfured molasses and DSM were purchased from Anizam Resources Sdn. Bhd., Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. The raw samples were transported to the laboratory and stored in a tight container at room temperature prior to analysis. The pH of the sample was determined using a pH-meter (Sartorius PB-10, Göttingen, Germany) by diluting at a ratio of 1:1 v/v with distilled water at ambient temperature. The moisture content was determined by oven-drying at 70 • C until a constant dry weight was obtained. Sugar profile was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Waters Alliance 2695 HPLC Separations Module (ELS 2410) System (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) with Waters 2410 RI detector against standards of 1 mg/mL sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany). The dried sample was digested for elemental analysis using concentrated nitric acid at a ratio of 1:10 w/v on a digester for about 10 min until brown fume disappeared. The trace elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) Optima 7300 DV (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The organic C, N and sulfur (S) content of the dried sample were determined using TruMac CNS Analyzer (Leco Corporation, St. Joseph, MI, USA).

Roslan M.A.M., Sohedein I., Ling P.S., Sobri Z.M., Zuan A.T.K., Cheak S.C., & Rahman N.A.A. (2021). Sustainable Agronomic Valorization of Unsulfured Molasses and Defatted Soybean Meal as an Optimized Formulation of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Enriched with High Cell Density P-Solubilizing Bacteria. Agronomy, 11(5), 996-996.

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