Ciprofloxacin cip 5

Ceftaroline fosamil CPS 30 and ciprofloxacin CIP 5 antibiotics purchased from Oxoid (USA) were used to test the resistance of ISO SS bacteria to antibiotics. As expected, ISO SS did not display antibiotic resistance. However, better results have been obtained with the use of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin CIP 5 in the case of ISO SS. The antimicrobial behavior of BN-Ag⁰ nanoparticles was evaluated by means of diffusivity and zone inhibitory tests against Gram-negative ISO SS bacterial strains isolated from the sewage sludge and the Gram-negative bacterial strain, E. coli. The test is a semi-quantitative method where the chemically modified material was directly contacted with a bacterial suspension spread on Muller–Hinton agar plates. After 24 h of incubation at 37 °C, the inhibition zones and diffusion zones of the material with silver ions were observed and analyzed. Different amounts of clay material were used (from 10 to 30 mg).

The antimicrobial sensitivity test of all isolated Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus strains was conducted according to Koneman et al. [14 ] by the disc diffusion method, and different antibiotic discs were used such as ampicillin Amp10, chloramphenicol C30, ciprofloxacin CIP5, colistin sulfate CT25, danofloxacin DX, doxycycline Do30, enrofloxacin ENR5, erythromycin E15, fosfomycin FOS-200, levofloxacin LEV-5, nalidixic acid NA30, norfloxacin NOR10, nitrofurantoin F300, penicillin P10, streptomycin S10, tetracycline T30, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 25 SXT; Oxoid. The results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [15 ].