L 3 4 dihydroxyphenylalanine l dopa

Mushroom tyrosinase, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, schisandrin, and sodium phosphate monobasic were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) and kojic acid were purchased from Acros (New Jersey, USA). Acetonitrile was purchased from Aencore (Surrey Hills, Australia). Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous was purchased from J. T. Baker (Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia). Methanol was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). RVLE (Elastvein®) was purchased from Healthmate (Changhua, Taiwan). Acetic acid was purchased from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain), and gallic acid was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Rutin was purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Resveratrol was purchased from TCI (Tokyo, Japan).