Duplicate 300-mg samples of unwashed basidiospores were microwave digested in HNO3 (4 mL) and H2O2 (1 mL) and diluted to 150 mL with bi-deionized water. The solutions were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS; Thermo, X series, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dreieich, Germany). Argon was used as the carrier gas. One-point calibration was done with the metal standard solutions, Merck VI and Merck XXI (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), diluted to 5%. Resulting detection limits in mg kg−1 dry weight (DW) were as follows: 0.0005, Th; 0.002, CdCoCsU; 0.005, Cr; 0.01, AsMnPb; 0.02, CuSr; 0.03, BaNiZn; 0.04, Fe; 0.1, AlMg; 0.4, KNa; 1, P; and 3, Ca.
Thermo x series
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4 protocols using thermo x series
1
Trace Metal Analysis of Basidiospores
2
Elemental Analysis of Diverse Samples
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This study
conducted elemental analysis on 68 samples. For major and trace element
concentrations, a two-step acid digestion method (first with HNO3 and second with mixtures of HNO3, HF, and HClO4) was used prior to determination to retain any volatile elements
of the studied samples in solution. The resulting solutions were analyzed
by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Thermo
ICP-IRIS Intrepid II, Thermo Fisher, Shanghai, China) for major element
concentrations and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(Thermo X-Series, Thermo Fisher, Shanghai, China) for trace element
concentrations.
conducted elemental analysis on 68 samples. For major and trace element
concentrations, a two-step acid digestion method (first with HNO3 and second with mixtures of HNO3, HF, and HClO4) was used prior to determination to retain any volatile elements
of the studied samples in solution. The resulting solutions were analyzed
by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Thermo
ICP-IRIS Intrepid II, Thermo Fisher, Shanghai, China) for major element
concentrations and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(Thermo X-Series, Thermo Fisher, Shanghai, China) for trace element
concentrations.
3
Seabass Elemental Analysis via ICP-MS
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Sea bass were subjected to mineralization by adding 6 mL of nitric acid (67% purity, Ultrapure Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and 2 mL of hydrogen peroxide (31% purity, Ultrapure Merck) to 1 g of sample, through a Milestone 1200 Mega microwave system (FKW S.r.L., Italy). Detection of the elements was obtained by means of Thermo X series inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.).
4
Sediment Characterization via Sequential Extraction
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The sediment samples were prepared with freeze-drying (−80 °C, 72 h), sieving (0.15 nylon mesh) and digesting ( , 5:4:1 v/v, 140 °C and 6 h), respectively, for the total content testing, which are detailed in our previous studies [1 (link),2 (link)].
The geochemical fractions of metals were extracted in accordance with the sequential extraction procedure (SEP) of Tessier, which divided metals into 5 forms, namely exchangeable (F1), carbonate-bound (F2), reducible (F3), oxidizable (F4), and residual fractions (F5). The detailed description of this SEP can be found in these studies [1 (link),2 (link)]. To obtain the percent recovery of the metals using the adopted SEP, the total metals concentrations were compared with the total concentrations of the metals in the five SEP-derived fractions.
Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were analyzed by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method (ICP-MS, Thermo X series, ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA), while Hg and As were measured with the atomic fluorescence spectrometry method (AFS-920, Titan Instruments, Shanghai, China). Organic matter was tested by the elemental analyzer (Vario EL-III, Elementar, Germany) and sediment particle size was tested by laser particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern, USA).
All analyses were performed in triplicate and averaged as the final result.
The geochemical fractions of metals were extracted in accordance with the sequential extraction procedure (SEP) of Tessier, which divided metals into 5 forms, namely exchangeable (F1), carbonate-bound (F2), reducible (F3), oxidizable (F4), and residual fractions (F5). The detailed description of this SEP can be found in these studies [1 (link),2 (link)]. To obtain the percent recovery of the metals using the adopted SEP, the total metals concentrations were compared with the total concentrations of the metals in the five SEP-derived fractions.
Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were analyzed by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method (ICP-MS, Thermo X series, ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA), while Hg and As were measured with the atomic fluorescence spectrometry method (AFS-920, Titan Instruments, Shanghai, China). Organic matter was tested by the elemental analyzer (Vario EL-III, Elementar, Germany) and sediment particle size was tested by laser particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern, USA).
All analyses were performed in triplicate and averaged as the final result.
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