Waters empower 3

HPLC (Waters 2695, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) equipped with a Waters 2475 fluorescence detector was used. The mobile phase was operated in isocratic mode (n-hexane: isopropanol: acetic acid (98.9:0.6:0.5, v:v:v)) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The normal-phase chromatographic column (LiChrosorb Si60, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm; Suzhou, China) was held at 40 °C and the injection volume was 10 µL. The emission and excitation wavelengths were set at 330 nm and 290 nm, respectively. The system was controlled by a computer running the Waters-Empower 3 software. The chromatograms of the standards (60 µg/mL), refined sumac fruit oil sample, and sacha inchi oil sample were collected and are presented in Figure S3.

UPLC-ESI-MS characterization was performed using an ACQUITY UPLC H-Class Bio System (Waters^® Corp., Milford, MA, USA). The separation was conducted using an ACQUITY UPLC^® HSS T3 130 Å column (1.8 µm, 2.1 × 50 mm, Waters^® Corp., Milford, MA, USA) with a column temperature of 35 °C. For HAEPa, we used an isocratic elution, using a binary system consisting of 20% ammonium hydroxide in water to 0.05% (A) and 80% acetonitrile (B); and for EAcE we used a binary system consisting of ammonium hydroxide in water to 0.05% (A) and acetonitrile (B). We used a gradient elution of 0–2 min 90% A, 2–4 min 80% A, 4–6 min 50% A, 6–8 min 20% A, and 8–9 min 90% A. Then, 5 μL of the samples and standards at 100 ppm concentration were injected with a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, and methanol was used as blank solvent.
Detection was performed using an ACQUITY QDa detector mass spectrometer (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) with an electrospray ionization interface (ESI); the voltage of the capillary was set to −1.0 kV for the negative-ion mode (ESI-). The data were processed using Waters Empower™ 3 software (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA). A mass scan acquisition was programmed at 50 to 1250 Da and a selected ion recording (SIR) for each targeted mass was selected [51 (link)].