5 5 6 6 tetrachloro 1 1 3 3 tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide jc 1

Recombinant human BAFF, biotinylated anti-human BAFF-R and TACI antibodies was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Human BAFF-murine CD8 (BAFF-muCD8), biotinylated fusion proteins, were purchased from Ancell (Bayport, MN, USA). BAY61-3606, Syk inhibitor, was purchased from Adooq bioscience (Irvine, CA, USA). Catalase, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC₆) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) was obtained from Invitrogen (Eugene, Oregon, USA). 2′,7′–dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) was purchased from Molecular Probe (Eugene, Oregon, USA). Ac-DEVD-pNA, caspase 3 substrate, was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa cruz, CA, USA). Antibodies to Syk and phospho-Syk (Y525/526) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Berverly, MA, USA). Except indicated, all chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), penicillin-streptomycin, and 0.25% (w/v) trypsin containing 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, CM-H₂DCFDA, 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide (JC-1), annexin V-conjugated fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and propidium iodide (PI) were procured from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The reagents 6-OHDA, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), dimethyl sulfoxide, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), ganoderic acid A, ganoderic acid D, ganoderic acid J, oleamide, (9Z, 12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienamide, uridine, guanosine, cytosine, uracil, adenosine, adenine, gallic acid, dextrose, and l-arabinopyranose were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). A bicinchoninic acid assay kit was acquired from Boster Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Pleasanton, CA, USA). All antibodies used for Western blotting were procured from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Before use, all compounds were dissolved in suitable solvents and stored at −20 °C to preserve their chemical stability.