Male balb c mice

Male BALB/c mice (24–28 g, Taconic) were used in experiments. Animals were allowed to acclimate for at least 2 weeks prior to initiating the experiment. All animals were housed in standard conditions (room temperature 22°C with a 12 h light–dark cycle) with access to regular chow and water. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines under protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the Institutional Biosafety Committee of the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.

Male Balb/c mice weighing 20–22g (Taconic Farms) were used for all studies. In the survival studies, five mice per strain of C. albicans were inoculated intravenously with 5 × 10⁵ yeast-phase cells that had been grown in YPD at 30°C to saturation as described previously [46 (link)]. A portion of each inoculum was plated on a YPD plate, and CFU was measured after 2 d of growth to check viability of cells in the inoculum. The animals were monitored three times daily for 21 d, and moribund mice were humanely euthanized. The results of the survival experiments were analyzed with the Log-Rank Test. For isolation of host and fungal RNA and histopathology, three mice per strain were inoculated intravenously with 1 × 10⁶ yeast-phase organisms, and the kidneys were harvested at specific time points. The right kidney was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C for later RNA extraction. The left kidney ways fixed in zinc-buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with Periodic acid-Schiff. All mouse experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (protocol 011000) and carried out according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines for the ethical treatment of animals.