The strength of the knee extensors and plantar flexors of the right leg (same as the recovery leg in the simulated forward fall test) was examined during maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVC) on a Biodex dynamometer (Biodex Medical, Syst.3, Shirley, NY, USA). For the knee extensions, the participants were seated on the dynamometer chair with a trunk angle flexion of 85° (trunk in line to the thighs = 0°) and for the plantar flexions with an angle of 70° and with fully extended knee, while the arms being crossed on the chest. Following a standardized warm-up, five MVCs in different joint angles were performed for the knee (between 50 and 75°) and the ankle joint (between 8 and 25° dorsiflexion), respectively. A 3-min rest was given between trials, and the highest value was used for further analysis. The resultant ankle and knee joint moments were calculated using an established inverse dynamics approach in order to account for axis misalignment between the dynamometer and the joint as well as gravitational moments (Arampatzis et al., 2004 (link), 2005 (link)). For this purpose, anatomically referenced reflective markers (greater trochanter, medial and lateral femoral epicondyles and malleoli, second metatarsal bone, and calcaneus bone) were captured using a Vicon motion analysis system (Version 1.8, Vicon Motion Systems, Oxford, UK) integrating seven cameras at 250 Hz.
Vicon motion analysis system
Manufactured by Vicon Motion Systems
Sourced in United Kingdom
The Vicon motion analysis system is a comprehensive hardware and software solution for 3D motion capture. It utilizes high-speed cameras to precisely track the movement of markers placed on the subject, providing detailed data on body kinematics. The system is designed for applications that require accurate and reliable motion analysis, such as biomechanics research, sports performance analysis, and animation production.
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Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using vicon motion analysis system
1
Assessing Lower Limb Muscle Strength
2
Motion Analysis of Knee Biomechanics
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The instruments used in this study were a 3D Vicon™ motion analysis system (Vicon Motion Systems Inc.; 120 Hz sampling rate) and a 30 Hz commercial camcorder time synchronized by a trigger mechanism. Before any data collection sessions, we calibrated the equipment, following recommendations provided by the manufacturer. After space calibration, a static trial with the participant standing in a T-position followed. The camcorders were located in a standardized position and height for every subject; 1.82 m in front (perpendicular) and 2.43 m to the side of the landing area to get a direct view of frontal (front view) and sagittal plane (side view) knee motions. A 435.9 mm ×368.8 mm pressure mat (Tekscan Inc., Boston, MA, USA) was located in front of the drop box with the purpose of serving as a reference object for the 2D video analysis system. For two of the 2D methods (KSD and KASR), where distance measures were needed, a standard distance is required to serve as reference for the Dartfish™ software.
3
Motion Analysis of Whole-Body Walking Tasks
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During the experiment, the motion data of different walking tasks was recorded at 100 Hz using a 6-camera VICON motion analysis system (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd, Oxford, UK). As required, 29 markers, shown in Fig. 2 , were used to locate the whole body.![]()
The coordinates were 4 Hz low-pass filtered using a fourth-order zero-phase Butterworth digital filter before analysis to remove noise and then segmented by gait cycles from left foot strike to the next left foot strike. Variables were extracted from the data of each gait cycle and averaged across all the complete gait cycles of one task.
Placement of markers
The coordinates were 4 Hz low-pass filtered using a fourth-order zero-phase Butterworth digital filter before analysis to remove noise and then segmented by gait cycles from left foot strike to the next left foot strike. Variables were extracted from the data of each gait cycle and averaged across all the complete gait cycles of one task.
4
Synchronized Rowing Ergometer Kinematics
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Trials were performed using two mechanically coupled rowing ergometers (Type D, Concept2, USA) serially placed on slides (see Fig 1 ). This setup allows the ergometers to move with respect to the floor as a single ‘boat’, reminiscent to on water rowing. The resistance of the ergometer flywheels was set at a level that reflected on-water blade resistance. Dyads determined and set the resistance at an aerobic constant between 0.96∙10−4 kg∙m2 and 1.20∙10−4 kg∙m2 (i.e., drag factor 96–120). Rowers within a dyad rowed at the same drag factor.
The kinematics of the rowers and ergometer system were recorded with a Vicon Motion Analysis System (Vicon Motion Systems, Inc., Centennial, CO), using 17 retro-reflective markers. Three markers were placed on the ergometer of the stroke rower, the remaining markers were placed on both sides- and on the middle of each handle and on both left and right shoulder (acromion) and hip (greater trochanter) of each rower, as depicted inFig 1 . Using 8 infrared cameras placed around the measurement volume, the markers’ 3D-trajectories were collected at a sample rate of 200 Hz.
The kinematics of the rowers and ergometer system were recorded with a Vicon Motion Analysis System (Vicon Motion Systems, Inc., Centennial, CO), using 17 retro-reflective markers. Three markers were placed on the ergometer of the stroke rower, the remaining markers were placed on both sides- and on the middle of each handle and on both left and right shoulder (acromion) and hip (greater trochanter) of each rower, as depicted in
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