Phosphate buffered saline (pbs)

McCoy’s 5A growth medium, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and trypan blue were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, and 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (w/v) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY). Arsenic trioxide (lot # 02765-24) and Nunc TM Lab-TekTM chamber slides were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Houston, TX). A lipid peroxidation kit was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Prolong Gold Antifade Reagent with 4′,6-diamidine phenylindone (DAPI) solution was purchased from Invitrogen Corporation (Grand Island, NY). ECL western blotting detection system reagents and Films (CL-X-posure) were purchased from Thermo Scientific/Pierce (Rockford, IL). Pre-cast gels were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA). The folin-phenol (DC) protein determination kit, cell lysis buffer, and non-fat milk were obtained from BioRad Laboratories (Hercules, CA) and, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane was obtained from Millipore (Bedford, MA). The primary antibodies anti-caspase 3 and anti-cytochrome c were purchased from Cell Signal Technology, Inc (Danvers, MA). The primary antibodies anti-Bcl-2, anti-Bax, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated anti-mouse or anti-rabbit goat secondary antibodies and β-actin were purchased from EMD Millipore Corporation (Billerica, MA).

DXMa was purchased from LA COOPER (Melun, France). Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (HPγCD, W8HP, DS = 0.6, and Mw = 1576 Da) was a kind gift from ASHLAND (Schaffhausen, Switzerland) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD, KLEPTOSE DS = 0.63 and Mw = 1391 Da) was obtained from ROQUETTE (Lestrem, France). CELLUVISC^® (sodium carboxymethylcellulose) and VISMED^® (sodium hyaluronate) are marketed gels used for the treatment of dry eye syndrome. DEXAFREE^® (DXM sodium phosphate 1% solution eye drops), MAXIDEX^® (DXM 0.1% suspension eye drops) and BSS^® (Alcon Laboratories, Rueil-Malmaison, France) are human authorized ocular medicines. Normal human primary corneal epithelial cells (ATCC PCS 700-010), medium (ATCC PCS-700-030), growth kit (ATCC PCS-700-040), PBS (ATCC 30-2200), trypsin EDTA (ATCC PCS-999-003 and 005), and antibiotics (gentamicin, streptomycin, and amphotericin BATC PCS-999-002) were obtained from LGC standard - ATCC^® (Molsheim, France). Thioglycollate with resazurine medium and Tryptic soy broth were obtained from BIOMERIEUX (Craponne, France). ALAMARBLUE^® was purchased from BIO-RAD (Marnes-la-Coquette, France) and DMSO from SIGMA-ALDRICH (Lyon, France). Purified water was prepared by DIRECT-Q^®3UV water purifier (MILLIPORE, Molsheim, France). All other solvents and chemicals were of HPLC and analytical grade, respectively.

Nitrosomonas eutropha D23 is a unique strain of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) manufactured by AOBiome Therapeutics. AOB were washed in PBS (Gibco) prior to being used for PBMC treatment. Heat killed AOB were prepared by first washing live AOB in PBS and then incubating AOB at 60 °C for 2 h.
Human PBMC were purchased from ATCC. 5 different PBMC donors were used with the following lot numbers from ATCC: 80227190 (donor A), 80424333 (donor B), 80819190 (donor C), 80424222 (donor D), and 80808190 (donor E).

The breast cancer (MCF7, SKBR3) and nontumorigenic (MCF10) cell lines were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA). Cell culture reagents and media (EMEM, PBS, trypsin 0.25%/EDTA) were from ATCC, DMEM/F12 1:1 phenol-red free and horse serum from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA), and McCoy from Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA). FBS was purchased either from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA) or from ATCC. Charcoal/dextran treated FBS was from Hyclone (Logan, UT). Cell culture media additives (cholera toxin, hydrocortisone, 17-β estradiol, L-glutamine, bovine insulin), various other reagents (NH₄HCO_3, NaF, Na₃VO₄, protease inhibitor cocktail, DTT, urea, and acetic and trifluoroacetic acids), as well as the nuclear/cytoplasmic separation Cell Lytic™ NuCLEAR™ kit were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Sequencing grade trypsin for enzymatic digestion of cell extracts was from Promega (Madison, WI). C18 and SCX sample cleanup cartridges (SPEC-PTC18 and SPEC-PTSCX) were acquired from Agilent Technologies (Palo Alto, CA). DI water was from an in-house MilliQ Ultrapure water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA), and all solvents were HPLC grade from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ).

11-MUA, 11-MUOH, 6-MHA, 25 kDa branched PEI, Tween 20, generation four PAMAM dendrimers with EDA core, DAH core, cystamine core or hydroxyl termini were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Lewis, MO). EDC and Sulfo-NHS were purchased from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA). 5 nm citrate stabilized colloidal AuNPs were purchased from Ted Pella (Redding, CA). Plasmid DNA with cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter and enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) as the reporter gene (pCMV-eGFP, 4.7 kb) were obtained from Clark Needham at Rice University [38 (link)]. SK-BR-3 cell line, cell culture medium and PBS were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA). MES buffered saline and CT(PEG)₁₂ were purchased from Pierce (Rockford, IL). Amicon Ultra-15 10 and 50 kDa Centrifuge Concentrators were purchased from Millipore (Billerica, MA). Hydroxylamine was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA). Propidium iodide (PI) Staining Solution was purchased from eBiosSciences (San Diego, CA). All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Lewis, MO) or Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA) unless otherwise stated.