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Nf κb2 p100 p52

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NF-κB2 p100/p52 is a protein that plays a key role in the NF-κB signaling pathway. It acts as a precursor protein that can be processed into the active p52 subunit, which then translocates to the nucleus and regulates the expression of genes involved in various cellular processes.

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10 protocols using nf κb2 p100 p52

1

Comprehensive Cell Lysis and Immunoblotting

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Cell lysates were prepared with RIPA lysis buffer (25 mM Tris-HCl [pH 7.6], 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, cOmplete EDTA-free protease inhibitor cocktail (5056489001; Roche), and a PhosSTOP phosphatase inhibitor (4906837001; Roche). Protein samples were loaded on to 8–10% SDS gels for electrophoresis followed by transfer onto nitrocellulose membranes. The primary antibodies for immunoblot analyses included those specific for NIK (#4994), Argonaute2 (#2897), IKKα (#2682), IKKβ (#2684), p-IKKα/β Ser176/180 (#2697), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (#3017) (all from Cell Signaling Technology, USA), p53 (sc-126), LAMP2 (sc-18822), β-actin (sc-1616, sc-47778), and GAPDH (sc-47724) (all from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), p62 (Sequestosome-1) (MABC32), FLAG M2 (F1804), and tubulin (T5168) (all from Sigma-Aldrich), and LC3 (PM036; MBL International, USA). Primary and secondary antibody dilutions were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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2

Murine Cytokine Signaling Pathway Assay

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Murine recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (#575204) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (#575102) were purchased from Biolegend. GSK126 was obtained from MedChemExpress. SB 203580 and PD98059 were purchased from AdooQ Bioscience.
The following primary antibodies were used : Lamin A/C (#2032), GAPDH (#2118), β-Actin (#4967), p65 (#6956), phospho-p65 (Ser536) (#3033), IKKβ (#2678), p53 (Rodent Specific) (#32532), phospho-p53 (Ser15) (#9284), IκBα (#4812), phospho-IκBα (#2859), NF-κB1 p105/p50 (#13586), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (#4882), phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (#4370), phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) (#4511), phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (#4668), DYKDDDDK Tag (#2368), phospho-histone H2A.X (Ser139) (#9718), and acetyl-p53 (Lys379) (#2570), CDK6 (#3136), Ezh2 (#5246), RelB (#4922), all purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, and p21 (#sc-6246), which was purchased from Santa Cruz. Phospho-p53 (Ser20) (# PA5–104741), phospho-p53 (Ser37) (#HY-P80843) and phospho-RelA/p65 (Ser276) (#NB100–82086) antibodies were purchased from Invitrogen, MedChemExpress and Novus Biologicals, respectively.
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3

Protein Extraction and Western Blotting

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Cells were lysed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) that contains 30 mM tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 120 mM NaCl, 2 mM KCl, 1% Triton X-100, and 2 mM EDTA supplemented with a protease inhibitor (Roche). Proteins were separated by electrophoresis on 4 to 15% precast polyacrylamide gels (Bio-Rad) and were transferred to 0.45 μm of nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-Rad). Membranes were blocked in a 1× solution tris-buffered saline/Tween 20 (TBS-T) with 5% nonfat dry milk for 1 hour at room temperature and then incubated overnight at 4°C with the specified primary antibody. Antigen-antibody complexes were visualized with peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare) and enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting substrate (Pierce). Densitometry of immunoblots was done using the ImageJ analyzer software (1.48v).
Primary antibodies used in immunoblots were as follows: rabbit mAbs to β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, 4970), HA tag (Cell Signaling Technology, 3724), IKKα (Cell Signaling Technology, 2682), NF-κB2 (p100/p52), (Cell Signaling Technology, 4882), NIK (Cell Signaling Technology, 4994), α-tubulin (Cell Signaling Technology, 2144), Lamin A/C (Cell Signaling Technology, 2032), SMAD2/3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 8685), and mouse mAb to Myc (Cell Signaling Technology, 2276). All secondary antibodies were obtained from the Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratory.
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4

Signaling Pathway Analysis by Western Blot

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Whole cell lysates were prepared by direct lysing and boiling samples in Laemmli buffer supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol. The samples were subjected to Western blotting and membranes were incubated with one of the following antibodies: Phospho-IκBα (Ser32; clone: 14D4, Cell Signaling Technology), total-IκBα (clone: L35A5, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-IKKα/IKKβ (Ser176/Ser177; clone: C84E11, Cell Signaling Technology), total-IKKβ (clone: D30C6, Cell Signaling Technology), Actin (clone: C4/Actin, BD Biosciences), Phospho-Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204; clone: D13.14.4E, Cell Signaling Technology), total-Erk1/2 (clone: 137F5, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536; clone 93H1, Cell Signaling Technology), total- NF-κB-P65 (rabbit polyclonal, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), c-Myc (clone: D84C12, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-Syk (Tyr352; rabbit polyclonal, Cell Signaling Technology), total-Syk (clone: 5F5, BioLegend), Phospho-Akt (Ser473; clone: D9E, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-S6 (Ser235/236; clone:D57.2.2E, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-FoxO1/FoxO3a (Thr24/Thr32; rabbit polyclonal, Cell Signaling Technology), total-Foxo1 (clone: C29H4, Cell Signaling Technology), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (rabbit polyclonal, Cell Signaling Technology). The signals on the membranes were quantitated by ImageJ software. Loading was normalized by Actin blotting.
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5

Immunoblot Analysis of Cell Signaling

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Whole-cell lysates were obtained and analyzed by immunoblot as previously described.39 (link) The following primary antibodies were used: cIAP-1 (1:2000) from R&D Systems; anti-cIAP-2 (1:1000) and anti-IL-6 (ab6672; 1:1000) from Abcam; actin (sc-1615; 1:1000), IκBα (sc-371; 1:1000), NIK (sc-7211; 1:1000) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); RIP1 (BD 610458; 1:1000) from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA); NF-κB2 p100/p52 (#4882; 1:1000) and PARP (#9532; 1:1000) from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA); GAPDH (MAB374; 1:5000) from EMD Millipore (Temecula, CA, USA).
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6

Immunofluorescence Antibody Staining Protocol

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Antibodies used in the current study were anti: HA-tag mAb-Magnetic Agarose (MBL, M180-10), HA tag (proteintech, 51064), V5 tag (proteintech, 14440), NF-κB p65 (Cell Signaling Technology, 8242), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3033), MAPK family antibody sample kit (Cell Signaling Technology, 9926), Phospho-MAPK family antibody sampler kit (Cell Signaling Technology, 9910), TRAF3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4729), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4882), Alexa Fluor® 488 Goat anti-mouse IgG (Invitrogen, A-11001), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Sigma, P8340), Phosphatase inhibitor cocktail 3 (Sigma, P0044).
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7

Investigating Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Ovarian Cancer

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Human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) provided by Sparklebio. SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells were maintained in RPMI medium 1640 (Gibco) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Cells were incubated in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator at 37 °C, and collected using 0.05% trypsin EDTA following the specified incubation period. The following primary antibodies were used: P62(#8025), phospho-H2AX(γ-H2AX;#9718), caspase-8(#9746), RIP1(#3493 s), Beclin1(3738 s), ATG7(#2631S), PARP (#9546S), caspase-3(#9665 s), cIAP1(#7065 s), cIAP2(3130 s), XIAP(#14334), FADD(#2782S), phospho-NF-κBp105/p50(4806S), NF-κB2p100/p52(#4882S), TNF-α (#6945s), TNF-α neutralizing antibody (7321s), and TNFR1(#3736S) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology Inc.; GAPDH (#sc-47724) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SC); LC3 (#NB100–2220) from Novus Biologicals. Z-VAD-FMK (#V116) and Necrostatin-1(#N9037) were from Sigma. IKK-16(#S2882) from Selleck. The data were collected from at least three independent experiments.
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8

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Sample preparation of whole cell lysates, SDS-PAGE, membrane transfer and blotting were performed according to standard protocols. Briefly, cells were lysed in Cell Lysis Buffer (Cell Signaling Technologies, #9803) supplemented with anti-protease and anti-phosphatase cocktails (Thermo Fisher, #78442). Protein concentration was determined using BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce, #23225). 10~15 μg of protein was resolved by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto NC or PVDF membranes. Membranes were blocked and incubated overnight at 4°C with gentle agitation with primary antibodies. Then primary antibodies were conjugated to secondary HRP-conjugated antibodies (Bio-Rad #170-6515, Invitrogen #62-6520) and the signal was detected using ECL Kit (Sigma, GERPN2232) and acquired on Chemidoc MP System (Bio-Rad). Antibodies to ITK (#2380), PLCγ1 (#5690), phospho-PLCγ1 (#14008), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (#3033), NF-κB p65 (#8242), Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) (#2859), IκBα (#4814), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (#4882), Histone H3 (#3638), GATA-3 (#5852), and GAPDH (#5174) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technologies. Antibody to CRBN (NBP1-91810) was purchased from Novus Biologicals. Antibodies were used at 1:1000 dilution or at 1:3000 dilution (for GAPDH).
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9

Flow Cytometry Antibody Panel for Mouse B Cell Analysis

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Antibodies against mouse cell markers and the isotype controls used in flow cytometry assay were as follows: BAFFR-ATTO 488 (9B9) and rat IgG2b-ATTO 488 (A-1) from Enzo Life Sciences, Inc (Farmingdale, NY); BAFFR-FITC (clone 7H22-E16), rat IgG1-FITC and fixable viability dye eFlour 780 from (eBioscience, San Diego, CA); CD138-PE (281–2), rat IgG2a-PE (R35-95), and BV605-IgD (11-26C.2a) and BV605-rat IgG2a,λ (B39-4) from BD Biosciences/BD Pharmingen (San Jose, CA); PerCP/Cy5.5-IgM (RMM-1), PerCP Cy5.5 Rat IgG2a,κ (RTK2758), Pacific Blue-CD19 (6D5), Pacific Blue Rat IgG2a,κ (RTK2758), CD93-APC (AA4.1), rat IgG2b-APC (RTK4530) from BioLegend (San Diego, CA); and Annexin V-Alexa Fluor 647 (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY). Propidium iodide (0.5 μg/ml) was used to identify dead cells (BD Biosciences/BD Pharmingen). B cell isolation Kits were purchased from Miltenyi Biotec Inc (San Diego, CA) to negatively select B cells from spleen as described previously [33 (link), 34 (link)]. BAFF was purchased from R&D Systems. Antibodies used in Western blot analysis were as follows: NF-κB2 p100/p52, Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (D13.14.4E) XP-HRP, p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) (137F5), and β-actin-HRP (13E5) (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA).
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10

Protein Analysis Protocol for STING Pathway

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For protein analysis, cells were lysed in RIPA lysis buffer and processed for protein loading as previously published[9 (link)]. The following primary antibodies were used to detect specific proteins: Gal1 (Cat: ab138513, Abcam), phospho-STING (Cat: 72971), phospho-TBK1 (ser172, Cat: 5483), STING (Cat:13647), TBK1 (Cat: 3504), IRF-3 (Cat: 4302, RRID: AB_1904036), phospho-IRF-3 (Cat: 29047, RRID: AB_2773013), RelA/p65 (NF-κB (Cat: 8242), phospho-NF-κB (RelA/p65, Cat:3033), NF-κB1 p105/p50 (Cat: 3035), NF-κB2 p100/p52 (Cat: 4882) from Cell Signaling Technologies, and β-Actin (1:5000; Cat: sc-47778 HRP, Santa Cruz Biotechnologies). Secondary antibodies used in this study were HRP-conjugated Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L) (1:5000-1:10,000; Cat: A15999 Invitrogen), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (1:5000; Cat: 7074 Cell Signaling Technologies). Immunoblots were developed with Pierce West Pico (Cat: 35060; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and visualized with ChemiDoc XRS imaging system equipped with Image Lab Software (RRID: SCR_008426; Bio-Rad Laboratories). In each case, experiments were carried out in triplicate and a representative blot is shown unless otherwise stated. Blot densitometry quantification was done using ImageJ (RRID: SCR_003070)
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