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4 protocols using col1a1

1

Osteogenesis Induction in BMSCs

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Cells (3 × 104/cm2) were cultured in a 12-well plate, and RUNX2, COL1A1, and p-AKT were detected using a fluorescence microscope (EU5888; Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) on day 3 after the induction of osteogenesis. Briefly, BMSCs were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma) for 15 min at room temperature. Then cells were permeabilized for 30 min in 0.05% Triton X-100 and blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for another 30 min. Fixed cells were then washed 3 times with PBS and incubated at 4 °C overnight with anti-RUNX2 (1:1600; CST), COL1A1 (1:500; Abcam, Shanghai, China), or p-AKT (1:400; CST). Cells were then incubated with a fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibody (Beyotime) for 2 h at room temperature, and the nuclei were then stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (KeyGen Biotech, Nanjing, China) for 4 min. The results of IF were then observed and recorded under a fluorescence microscope (Leica, Solms, Germany).
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2

Immunofluorescence Profiling of Osteogenic Markers

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Cells were cultured in a 12-well plate, and FOXA2, RUNX2, COL1A1, t-ERK and p-ERK were detected using a fluorescence microscope (EU5888; Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Briefly, cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma) for 15 min at room temperature, permeabilized and blocked for 30 min in 0.05% Triton X-100 and 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Fixed cells were washed three times with PBS and incubated at 4 °C overnight with anti-FOXA2 (1:400; Cell Signalling Technology), RUNX2 (1:1600; Cell Signalling Technology), COL1A1 (1:500; Abcam, Shanghai, China), t-ERK (1:800; Cell Signalling Technology) or p-ERK (1:200; Cell Signalling Technology). Cells were incubated with a fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibody (Beyotime) at room temperature for 2 h and nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (KeyGen Biotech, Nanjing, China) for 4 min. Samples were then observed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope (Leica).
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3

Osteogenic Differentiation Marker Analysis

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Cells were cultured in induction medium in a 12-well plate, and RUNX2, COL1A1, and β-catenin were detected using a fluorescence microscope (EU5888; Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Briefly, cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min at room temperature, permeabilized, and blocked for 30 min in 0.05% Triton X-100 and 2% bovine serum albumin. Fixed cells were washed and incubated overnight with anti-RUNX2 (1:1600; Cell Signaling Technology, Shanghai, China), COL1A1 (1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Shanghai, China), or β-catenin (1:100; Cell Signaling Technology). Cells were incubated with a fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibody (Beyotime) for 120 min, and nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (KeyGen Biotech, Nanjing, China) for 2 min. Samples were observed under a fluorescence microscope (Leica).
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4

DHA Enhances Osteogenic Markers

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The cells had been cultured with OIM and 1 μM DHA for 72 hours before being seeded within a 12-well plate. Fluorescence microscopy (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) was used to measure RUNX2, collagen α1 type I (COL1A1), p-ERK, and p-β-catenin. Briefly, cells had been settled at normal temperature within 4% paraformaldehyde for at least 15 min, washed with distilled water three times, blocked in 5% bovine serum albumin as well as 0.03% Triton X-100 for half an hour, washed with distilled water three times, and incubated overnight with anti-p-β-catenin (1:1500, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-p-ERK (1:500, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-COL1A1 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), or anti-RUNX2 (1:1,600, Cell Signaling Technology). Cells had been incubated subsequently with a fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibody (Beyotime) for an hour. Cell nuclei had been stained with 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole for 5 minutes. Cell immunofluorescence was noticed adopting Fluorescence microscopy (Leica).
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