Spss 22.0

Data analyses were conducted with 22.0 SPSS (Chicago, IL, USA). Values were expressed as means ± standard deviation. For categorical outcomes, logistic regression models were used. Student's t‐test, chi‐square or Fisher's exact test, and one‐way ANOVA were used for the statistical analysis. The least significant difference (LSD) was used when comparing groups. Cigarette smoking levels were correlated with circEML4, CD206, SOCS2 using Spearman correlation analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

All values are presented as the mean ± Standard Deviation of the replicate samples. All experiments were repeated three times. The 22.0 SPSS software package was used for all statistical analyses.

Continuous variables were shown as the mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables were shown as the number and frequency (%). The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare HVPG between nonearly rebleeding and early rebleeding in the ascites and nonascites subgroups. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of HVPG for early rebleeding in the nonascites cohort and the ascites cohort, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and P value of HVPG and other potential risk stratification factors for rebleeding. For a multivariate logistic regression model, platelet (PLT), albumin (ALB), and HVPG were included. The locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) approach was adopted to assess the monotonicity between bleeding risk and HVPG in patients with and without ascites. All levels of significance were set at a two-sided 5% level. All analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 IBM (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) and R 3.5.3 (R Project for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).