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3 protocols using β naphthoflavone

1

HepG2 Cell Culture and β-Naphthoflavone Treatment

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Human hepatoma HepG2 cells (three stocks with different lot numbers) were obtained from the Human Science Research Resources Bank (Osaka, Japan). Cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium low glucose (WAKO Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 37°C. Cells from different stocks were cultured simultaneously and passaged to the same passage number (range 3-10). Prior to treatment, cells were grown in 60-mm culture dishes (AGC Techno Glass Co., Shizuoka, Japan) to 80%-90% confluence. β-Naphthoflavone was purchased from WAKO Pure Chemical Industries, and 0.1, 1, and 10 mM stock solutions of β-Naphthoflavone were prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, WAKO Pure Chemical Industries). The concentrations of β-Naphthoflavone were based on a previous report (Hanioka et al., 2006) . For experiments, HepG2 cells were treated with 0.1% (v/v) β-Naphthoflavone stock solution in culture medium for 3 days. Culture medium containing β-Naphthoflavone was refreshed every day.
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2

Preparation of Chemical Compounds for Cell Studies

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3-Methylcholanthrene (3MC), indole-3-carbinol (I3C), indole-3-acetate (IAA), cycloheximide (CHX), and β-naphthoflavone (βNF) was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Indirubin was kindly provided by Dr. Tomonari Matsuda (Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan). MG-132 was purchased from Abcam (Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals and solvents used were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ligands were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and added to media. The final concentration of DMSO was adjusted to 0.1% (v/v) in culture media.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of Methazolamide Conjugates

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Methazolamide, acivicin, isoniazid and methimazole were purchased from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dexamethasone, β-naphthoflavone, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), acetic acid and acetonitrile were obtained from Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). In quantitative studies, we employed purified Methazolamide. It was purified in our laboratory by HPLC as described in the next paragraph. Cysteine, cysteinylglycine, and glutathione conjugates of Methazolamide were prepared in our laboratory according to the method described in the preceding paper [27 (link)]. N-[3 (link)-Methyl-5-sulfo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]acetamide (MSO), and N-(3-methyl-5-mercapto-Δ4-1,3,4-thiadiazol–2-yl)acetamide (MSH) were also synthesized in our laboratory [14 (link)]. Fig. (1) shows the chemical structure of these compounds with their code names as used in this text. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and Dulbecco’s MEM were obtained from Nikken Bioscience (Kyoto, Japan). Fetal bovine serum (Cat #12-10378) was supplied by IRH Biosciences (Lenexa, KS, USA).
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