Cellulose was extracted from water hyacinth; acrylic acid and N,N-methylene–bis-acrylamide were obtained from ACROS Organics, Germany. Ammonium persulphate, acetone, toluene, ammonium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chloride, calcium chloride and aluminium chloride were obtained from Loba Chemie, Mumbai, India.
Toluene
Manufactured by Loba Chemie
Sourced in India
Toluene is a clear, colorless liquid organic compound. It has a distinctive sweet, pungent odor. Toluene is commonly used as a laboratory solvent and in the production of various chemicals and materials.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ethyl acetate, by Loba Chemie (3 mentions)
Standard garcinol, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
N hexane, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Calcium chloride, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Aluminium chloride, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Acetone, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Sodium hypochlorite, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Ammonium hydroxide, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
N n methylenebisacrylamide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Acrylic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sulphuric acid, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Silica gel, by Spectrochem (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Amberlyst 15, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Palladium 2 acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Petroleum ether, by Loba Chemie (1 mentions)
Nitroblue tetrazolium nbt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using toluene
1
Cellulose Extraction from Water Hyacinth
2
Solvent-Assisted Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Compounds
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Petroleum ether (60–80 °C, 99%), ethyl acetate (99%), and methanol (99%) were purchased from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. Benzene (99%), toluene (99%), o-xylene (99%), m-xylene (99%), p-xylene (99%), isopropylbenzene (99%), ethylbenzene (99%), mesitylene (99%), zinc chloride (anhydrous, 95%), nitromethane (99%), molecular sieve (4 Å), and silica gel (60–120 mesh) were procured from Spectrochem. Palladium(ii ) acetate (98%), 10% Pd/C, and Amberlyst-15 were procured from Sigma-Aldrich. 5-(Acetoxymethyl)furfural (AcMF) was prepared from fructose following a literature process.28 (link) The solvents were dried over activated molecular sieves for 24 h before use. All the chemicals were used as received without further purification.
3
Garcinia indica Fruit Extraction and Characterization
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Standard Garcinol was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company-USA. Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from SD Fine chemical Limited (Mumbai, India). N-hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and other chemical were purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India). Thiobarbituric acid, trichloro acetic acid, 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid), Hydrogen peroxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, Triton-X-100 and Nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, MUMBAI. Simvastatin was received as a gift sample from Micro Labs Ltd., MUMBAI. High density cholesterol (HDL-C), Low density cholesterol (LDL-C), Triglyceride (TG) and Total Cholesterol (TC) estimation kits were purchased from ERBA Diagnostics Mannheim, MUMBAI. IL6 kit was purchased from Krishgen biosystems, MUMBAI. The fresh fruits of Garcinia indica were procured from Dr. Badhe Waadi, Phoolpada Road, Virar (East) located at 19.45 north latitude and 72.81 east longitude and were authenticated from Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India. A voucher specimen with identification number-15-147, has been deposited at the same institute. The plant name has been checked with http://www . theplantlist.org on 2nd November 2018.
4
Toluene Inhalation Exposure Protocol
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Two groups, Group T and Group T + OLE, were exposed to toluene for 6 h per day, 5 days per week, for a total of 6 weeks. The rats were exposed daily from 8:00 am to 2:00 pm in two identical inhalation chambers made of plexiglass. The chambers were designed to contain six rats at a time and were comprised of a generation system, an exposure system, and a monitoring system, following the guidelines proposed by Hinners et al. (1968) (link).
To generate and maintain a toluene concentration of 300 ± 10 ppm for the 6-hour exposure period, liquid toluene (Loba Chemie Pvt Ltd) was injected into a mixing vessel using an isocratic pump, and the resulting mixture was then introduced into the exposure chamber. toluene concentrations were monitored and analyzed by gas chromatography. The exposure chamber was equipped with an inlet fan to circulate the air and an outlet centrifugal fan to adjust the airflow. Circular openings were also created in the chamber to enable researchers to monitor and sample the toluene levels. The temperature in the chamber was maintained at 23 ± 1 °C and monitored using a digital thermometer.
To generate and maintain a toluene concentration of 300 ± 10 ppm for the 6-hour exposure period, liquid toluene (Loba Chemie Pvt Ltd) was injected into a mixing vessel using an isocratic pump, and the resulting mixture was then introduced into the exposure chamber. toluene concentrations were monitored and analyzed by gas chromatography. The exposure chamber was equipped with an inlet fan to circulate the air and an outlet centrifugal fan to adjust the airflow. Circular openings were also created in the chamber to enable researchers to monitor and sample the toluene levels. The temperature in the chamber was maintained at 23 ± 1 °C and monitored using a digital thermometer.
5
Garcinol Extraction and Purification
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Standard garcinol was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company-USA. Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from SD Fine chemical Limited (Mumbai, India). N-hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and other chemical were purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India).
6
Napier Grass-Reinforced Natural Rubber Latex
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High ammonia natural rubber latex (HA-NR) with a dry rubber content (DRC) of 60% was supplied by Thai rubber latex group PCL., Samut Prakan, Thailand. Napier grass stems were obtained from Bureau of Animal Nutrition Development, Khon Kaen, Thailand. The collection and experimental research on Napier grass comply with Plant Variety Protection Act, Thailand (1999). Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetic acid (CH3CO2H), and ethanol (C2H5OH) were purchased from QRëC, New Zealand. Maleic anhydride (C4H2O3) was obtained from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Triton-X 100, formic acid (HCO2H), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and toluene (C6H5CH3) were supplied by Loba Chemie PVT. Ltd., Mumbai, India. 2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Missouri, USA. Sodium chlorite (NaClO2) was purchased from Ajax Finechem, Auckland, New Zealand.
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoparticles
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Anhydrous ETE was acquired as a sample gratis from Intas Pharmaceuticals (Gujarat, India). 3-Aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APTS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), fumed silica (silica source), N-cetyltrimethylammonium ammonium bromide (CTAB), tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT dye) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). The blood used for haemolysis study was collected from a completely fit and healthy human volunteer. Toluene and EDTA disodium salt were procured from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India). Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit was obtained from BD Biosciences (NJ, US). De-ionized water was used throughout the analysis. LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines were purchased from NCCS (Pune, India).
1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-Ethyl Carbodiimide Hydrochloride (EDC.HCl), N-HydroxySuccinimide (NHS), Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and 4,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole Dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining dye were purchased from SRL Chemicals (Mumbai, India). FA, Antibiotic solutions, cell culture media (Rosewell Park Memorial Institute, NY, US) RPMI-1640, Foetal Bovine serum (FBS), well plates and other materials used in cell line study were purchased from HI Media Laboratories (Mumbai, India).
1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-Ethyl Carbodiimide Hydrochloride (EDC.HCl), N-HydroxySuccinimide (NHS), Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and 4,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole Dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining dye were purchased from SRL Chemicals (Mumbai, India). FA, Antibiotic solutions, cell culture media (Rosewell Park Memorial Institute, NY, US) RPMI-1640, Foetal Bovine serum (FBS), well plates and other materials used in cell line study were purchased from HI Media Laboratories (Mumbai, India).
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