A commercial yoghurt starter culture (YOFLEX®—consisting of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus) and three probiotic strains (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG, Lacticaseibacillus casei 431, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12) were kindly supplied by Chr. Hansen, Bayswater, VIC, Australia. Powdered skim milk (Australian instant skim milk powder, Coles) was obtained from a local supermarket in Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Pancreatin was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Mangiferin, pyrogallol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, 3-hydroxy phenyl acetic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, porcine pepsin, α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae, p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside, bile salts, LC-MS grade formic acid, acetic acid, 4-methyl valeric acid, guar, casein, tryptone, cysteine HCl, peptone, mucin, pectin, potato starch, yeast extract, and MRS agar were acquired from Sigma–Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia). Sodium carbonate (anhydrous), HCl, NaHCO3, NaOH, (NH4)2CO3, KCl, NaCl, KH2PO4, MgCl2(H2O)6, CaCl2, K2HPO4, Na3PO4, MgSO4.7H2O Tween 80, orthophosphoric acid, acetonitrile, and methanol of HPLC grade were acquired from Chem-supply Pty Ltd. (Melbourne, VIC, Australia).
K2hpo4
Manufactured by Chem-Supply
Sourced in Australia
K2HPO4 is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water. K2HPO4 is the potassium salt of phosphoric acid and has the chemical formula K2HPO4.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Nahco3, by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Nh4 2co3, by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Mgcl2 h2o 6, by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Cacl2, by Chem-Supply (4 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Porcine pepsin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
P nitrophenyl α d glucopyranoside, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Bile salt, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Pancreatin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Lc ms grade formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Chem-Supply (2 mentions)
Kh2po4, by Chem-Supply (2 mentions)
Na3po4, by Chem-Supply (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Chem-Supply (2 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
4 protocols using k2hpo4
1
Yoghurt Starter Culture and Probiotics
2
Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Assays
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Caffeic acid, quercetin, quercetin-3-galactoside, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, luteolin, phloretin, epicatechin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, catechin, quercetin, procyanidin B1, pyrogallol, epicatechin 3′-O-gallate, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, polydatin, Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent (FCR), α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae, porcine pepsin, acarbose, rat intestinal powder, ammonium molybdate, Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside, potassium persulfate, bile salts, LC-MS grade formic acid, and HPLC grade acetic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia). Pancreatin was obtained from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). NaCl, Na2CO3, KCl, NaOH, HCl, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, MgCl2(H2O)6, CaCl2, KH2PO4, K2HPO4, Na3PO4, HPLC grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from Chem-supply Pty Ltd. (Melbourne, VIC, Australia).
3
Probiotic Bacteria and Cocoa Compounds Interaction
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The L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus probiotic bacteria were used from the stock culture collections in the Food Microbiology Laboratory at the University of Melbourne. Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), Na-alginate, enzymes (salivary α-amylase, porcine pepsin, pancreatin), HCl, acetone, acetic acid, epicatechin, catechin, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia). A standard mixture of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The selective media DeMan, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS), nutrient agar & broth, AnaeroGen sachets, yeast extract, beef extract, protease peptone, n-hexadecane, L-cysteine hydrochloride, bile salts, and trichloroacetic acid were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Pty Ltd (Melbourne, VIC, Australia). NaOH, phosphate-buffered saline, CaCl2, dextrose, K2HPO4, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4·7H2O, NaCl, KCl, NaHCO3, MgCl2(H2O)6, (NH4)2CO3, potassium persulfate, potassium acetate, aluminum chloride were ordered from the Chem-Supply Pty Ltd. (Melbourne, VIC, Australia). Chocolates with 45% and 70% cocoa mass, cocoa powder (pure), cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, sugar, soy lecithin were purchased from local supermarket (VIC, Australia).
4
Probiotic Encapsulation and Gut Simulation
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The L. rhamnosus LGG strain was kindly provided by Chr. Hansen, Bayswater, VIC, Australia. Na-alginate, Fructooligosaccharides-FOS, hi-maize resistant starch, skim milk powder and enzymes (salivary α-amylase, porcine pepsin, pancreatin), acetone, HCl, acetic acid were bought from Sigma Aldrich (NSW, Australia). Whey protein concentrate was gifted by Murray Goulburn Co-operative Co. Limited (Victoria, Australia). The nutrient agar & broth, selective media DeMan, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS), AnaeroGen sachets, beef extract, yeast extract, protease peptone, bile salts, and trichloroacetic acid were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Thermo Fisher Scientific Pty Ltd, VIC. Australia). NaOH, phosphate-buffered saline, CaCl 2 , dextrose, K 2 HPO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , MgSO 4 •7H 2 O, NaCl, KCl, NaHCO 3 , MgCl 2 (H 2 O) 6 , (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 , potassium acetate, aluminium chloride, potassium persulfate were procured from the Chem-Supply Pty Ltd, (Melbourne, Australia)
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