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Silicon dioxide sio2

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a chemical compound that consists of one silicon atom and two oxygen atoms. It is a common and naturally occurring material that is widely used in various industries, including laboratory equipment manufacturing. As a lab equipment product, silicon dioxide serves as a core component in the fabrication of various laboratory devices and instruments.

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4 protocols using silicon dioxide sio2

1

Faba Bean Pathogenesis Assay

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Silicon dioxide (SiO2) (granular, ≥ 99.9%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, crystals, ≥ 99.9) and culture media were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Chemie, Steinheim, Germany. The Agricultural Research Center in Giza, Egypt, provided seeds of the faba bean cultivar (Giza 429) and the fungicide, Dithane M-45 (ethylene bis dithiocarbamate at 80%, 16 percent manganese, and just 2% zinc). Escherichia coli D8 (AC: MF062579) and B. cinerea (AC: KP151604) were provided by the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt. Botrytis cinerea was cultivated on faba bean dextrose agar (FDA) and incubated for 7 days at 25 °C.
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Alumina-Supported Catalysts

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Polyethylene
oxide (PEO)
(99% purity), propylene oxide (PO) (≥99% purity), aluminum
chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3·6H2O) (99%
purity), copper (II) nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O) (99% purity), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) (99.5% purity) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO). γ-Aluminum oxide (99.97% purity) was obtained from Alfa
Aesar (Ward Hill, MA) and used as the commercial alumina support.
Ethanol (99.9% purity) was purchased from RCI Lab-Scan (Bangkok, Thailand).
Hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2) Helium (He),
and argon (Ar) gases (99.999% of purity) were obtained from Thai Special
Gas (Pathumthani, Thailand).
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3

Characterization of Engineered Nanomaterials

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Chemicals such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). UV light-responsive pure TiO2 NPs (Degussa P25; Evonik, Germany) were used as previously described12 (link),19 (link),32 (link). The crystal structure of P25 TiO2 was a mixture of 75% anatase and 25% rutile TiO2. The purity was at least 99.5% TiO2 and primary particle size was 21 nm ± 10 nm, with a specific surface area of 50 ± 15 m2/g. Carbon-containing TiO2 NPs [TiO2(C)] were prepared using a sol–gel method19 (link),33 (link). The powders were subjected to calcination at 200 °C, and named C200; the detailed preparation of C200 has been reported elsewhere19 (link),33 (link). By photoreduction process using H2PtCl6 and TiO2 NPs as a platinum precursor and a pristine photocatalyst, respectively, platinum-containing TiO2 NPs [TiO2(Pt)] were prepared and characterized following previously described methods13 (link),15 (link). The NPs of zinc oxide (ZnO; < 40 nm)9 (link) single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and silicon dioxide (SiO2; 10–20 nm) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. Nanodiamond (ND) NPs, with average sizes of 5 and 100 nm9 (link),34 (link),35 (link), were purchased from Kay Diamond Products (Boca Raton, FL, USA).
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4

Investigating Metformin's Modulation of Cell Responses to Silica Nanoparticles

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The lung epithelial cells (A549 and HBE), lung fibroblast (MRC-5), and the human monocytic cell (THP-1) were commercially obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). A549 and THP-1 cells were maintained in RPMI Medium 1640 basic (1640, Life Technologies/Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA), the HBE cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, 1640, Life Technologies/Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA), and the MRC-5 cells were maintained in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM, Life Technologies/Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA). All of the culture media were containing 10% fetal bovine serum (BISH1475, Biological Industries) and antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin, Life Technologies/Gibco, Gaithersburg, MD). Cells were cultured at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere.
PMA (Sigma–Aldrich) was used to treat THP-1 cells into macrophages. For all the experiments analysis, epithelial cells and THP-1 were treated with 200 or 150 μg/ml Silicon dioxide (SiO2) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) together with various concentrations (2, 5, 10 mM) of metformin (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai, China); MRC-5 cells were treated with 5 ng/ml TGF-β1 (Sigma-Aldrich) together with metformin.
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