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23 protocols using mouse anti β actin

1

Apoptosis Assay in FSHR-Expressing Cells

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DDP was purchased from hansoh pharmaceutical, Jiangsu. MTT, DMSO, Hoechst 33258 solution, BCA protein kit, PI, AO and ECL system (BeyoECL plus) were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology, China. Rabbit anti-FSHR antibody was obtained from Abcam, USA. Rabbit anti-Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Bad, LC3 and mouse anti-β-Actin were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology, China. Annexin V-FITC / PI double staining apoptosis kit was from Roche, Germany and Novex NuPAGE Gel Electrophoresis Systems was from Life Technologies, USA. And male BALB/c nude mice were purchased from Cavens Lab Animal, Changzhou, China.
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2

Macrophage Polarization and Activation Assay

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Isotype-IgG, rhIL-4, rhIL-13, M-CSF, rhIL-6, anti-IL-6 and human IL-6 Quantikine ELISA were purchased from R&D Systems. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was purchased from Sigma. Bisindolylmaleimide I (protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor) was purchased from Calbiochem. Matrigel was from BD Biosciences. The primary human antibodies in this study were used: mouse anti-CD163, rabbit anti-CD31 (ZSGB-BIO); rabbit anti-MMP14, rabbit anti-LAMC2 (Abcam); rabbit anti-MMP9, rabbit anti-Phosphorylated PKC (pan) (Cell Signaling Technology); mouse anti-β-actin (Beyotime).
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3

Antibody Generation and Characterization

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The rabbit anti-UL21 polyclonal antibodies were generated for this study, and the rat anti-UL16 polyclonal antibodies were provided by He Qin [20 (link)]. The following monoclonal antibodies were used in this study: rabbit anti-GRP78 BiP (Abcam, UK), mouse anti-TGN46 (Abcam, UK), goat anti-rabbit IgG (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), rabbit anti-Myc tag (Beyotime, CHN), mouse anti-Flag tag (Transgen Biotech, CHN), Alexa Fluor 594 goat anti-rabbit IgG (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-rat IgG (Abcam, UK), Alexa Fluor 594 goat anti-rabbit IgG (Life Technologies, USA), and mouse anti-β-actin (Beyotime, CHN). Normal rabbit IgG was obtained from Beyotime, and normal rat IgG was obtained from Thermo. The pCAGGS [40 (link)], pCMV-Myc [41 (link)], and pET-32c plasmids were provided by the Sichuan Agricultural University Avian Diseases Research Center.
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4

NRSF Quantification in Hippocampal Tissue

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NRSF was measured after SOD and MDA assays. Total proteins in the collected hippocampal tissues were isolated using cell lysis solution (Beyotime). Protein concentrations were determined by Bicinchoninic Acid assays (Beyotime). Equal amounts of protein were separated on 10% sodium dodecyl sulfonate-polyacrylamide gels and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. The membranes were blocked in Tris buffered saline containing nonfat milk (10%) and 0.1% Tween-20 for 1 hour. The following primary antibodies were used: polyclonal rabbit anti-NRSF (Bioss) diluted 1:500, and mouse anti-β-actin (Beyotime) diluted 1:1000. After incubation with primary antibodies for 24 hours at 4°, the membranes were washed three times with Tris buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween-20 for 5 minutes and then incubated with goat anti-rabbit and goat anti-mouse IgG horseradish peroxidase antibody (Beyotime) at a dilution of 1:1000 for 1 hour at room temperature. The chemiluminescence signals were captured using a LAS 4000 mini (General Electric Company, Japan), and the bands were quantified by densitometry using the ImageJ system (National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA). Grayscale values were measured and normalized to β-actin in the same sample.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Proteins

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Western blot was performed as previously described [34 (link)]. PVDF membrane was used for protein transfer and probed with antibodies against human SOX2 (polyclonal rabbit anti-SOX2, SEVEN HILLS, Cat No: WRAB-1236, Cincinnati, USA), human β-actin (mouse anti-β-actin, Beyotime, Cat No: AA128, Nantong, China), CDK4 (BBI, Cat No: AB20396b, Shanghai, China), CDK6 (BBI, Cat No: AB20398a, Shanghai, China), CCND1 (BBI, Cat No: AB60236b, Shanghai, China), TUSC3 (Novus Biologicals, Cat No: NBP1-55630, Littleton, USA). HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Abcam, Cat No: ab136817, Cambridge, MA, USA) and HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (ZSGB-Bio, Cat No: ZB-2305, Beijing, China) were used as secondary antibodies to detect the proteins. The density of protein band was quantified with Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software, and the ratio of target protein to housekeeping protein, which reflects the change of expression level, was calculated.
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6

Western Blot Analysis of USP7 and p53

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Cells were harvested at indicated time and lysed by using RIPA lysis buffer on ice. A total of 20 μg protein was loaded on 7%−15% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The proteins were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes and incubated with the primary antibodies rabbit anti-USP7 (#4833, Cell Signaling Technology, CST, 1:1000), rabbit anti-p53 (#2527, CST, 1:1000), mouse anti-β-actin (#AA128, Beyotime Biotech., 1:3000) at 4 °C overnight. Then membranes were washed and incubated with corresponding secondary antibodies (Beyotime). Finally, the protein was visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit (Beyotime). The density of the bands was analyzed, and the relative ratios of target genes and references were calculated.
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7

Immunohistochemistry and Western Blot of PLOD2 and HIF-1α/FAK

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Antibody to PLOD2 for immunohistochemistry and Western blot was purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). HIF-1α (PX-478) and FAK inhibitors (TAE226; Selleckchem; Shanghai, China) were resolubilized in DMSO. Matrigel was purchased from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA, USA). The primary human antibodies used in this study were the following: rabbit anti-HIF-1α, anti-HIF-2α, anti-FAK-p397, anti-FAK, Paxillin (Abcam; Cambridge, MA, USA); mouse anti-β-actin (Beyotime, China).
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8

Quantitative Western Blot Analysis of Runx1t1

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Western blot analysis was performed as described previously [18 (link)]. Equivalent amounts of total protein from cells or hippocampal tissue were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes using Bio-Rad Semi-Dry Transfer Cell (Bio-Rad, CA, USA). The membranes were incubated with primary antibody rabbit anti-Runx1t1 (1:300; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and mouse anti-β-actin (1:2000; Beyotime, Jiangsu, China), followed by the corresponding HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:2000). The immunoreactive bands were scanned on a ChemiDoc XRS system (Bio-Rad), and the optical density was measured. The relative expression of the Runx1t1 protein in the different groups was determined semi-quantitatively using Quantity One software (Bio-Rad).
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9

Resveratrol and Nicotinamide Modulate Chondrocyte Autophagy

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Chemicals and antibodies were purchased as follows: resveratrol (Sigma, R5010) dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma, D2650) to a concentration of 40 mM, nicotinamide (Sigma, 72340) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to a concentration of 200 mM, bafilomycin A (Sigma, B1793) dissolved in DMSO to a concentration of 5 μM, 0.25% trypsin solution (Sigma, 59429C), 0.2% type II collagenase (Sigma, V900892), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F-12 medium (DMEM/F12, 1:1; Gibco, 11320-033), fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, 10099-141), penicillin-streptomycin (Sigma, G4664), rabbit anti-SIRT1 (Epitomics, ab32441), rabbit anti-Caspase3 (Epitomics, ab32351), rabbit anti-Collagen II (Abcam, ab34712), rabbit anti-LC3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4599), mouse anti-Beclin-1 (Abcam, ab114071), mouse anti-β-actin (Beyotime, AA128), goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP (Beyotime, A0208), goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP (Beyotime, A0216).
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10

Western Blot Protein Analysis

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Follow the steps (https://www.westernblotprotocol.com) for western blotting. The following antibodie were used: rabbit anti-FOXA1 (1:1000; CST, USA), rabbit anti-Nanog (1:1000; CST, USA), rabbit anti-Snail (1:1000; CST, USA), rabbit anti-ZEB2 (1:1000; CST, USA), rabbit anti-E-Cadherin (1:1000; CST, USA), mouse anti-β-actin (1:5000; Beyotime AA128, China). The antibodies are listed in Supplementary Table 3.
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