Fresh IVD tissue was ground and lysed in
RIPA lysis buffer (Solarbio, Beijing, China) containing 1 mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and protease inhibitors to obtain protein. The concentration of the extracted protein was detected using a
BCA kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Five hundred microliter of D
2O and 100
μl of 10% 3-(trimethylsilyl) propionic acid sodium salt (TSP) were then added to the protein. They were mixed and centrifuged at 14,000 g for 15 minutes (to remove the precipitated particles of the tissue in the solution). 550
μl of the supernatant was obtained and used to detect the protein and metabolite solution using the
600 MHz NMR (Bruker, Germany) equipment according to the manufacturer's instructions. The characteristic TOCSY, two-dimensional spectrum of the tissue metabolites and protein solution, was obtained and analyzed using the MestReNova (Mestrelab Research Co. Ltd., USA) software in order to identify the main differences in the metabolite and protein residues.
Xiang H., Su W., Wu X., Chen W., Cong W., Yang S., Liu C., Qiu C., Yang S.Y., Wang Y., Zhang G., Guo Z., Xing D, & Chen B. (2020). Exosomes Derived from Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells Inhibit Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Ameliorating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, 6697577.