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16 protocols using bevacizumab

1

Comparative Study of Anticancer Compounds

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Lactic acid (No. W261114-1KG-K), isopropanol (No. I9516-25ML), cinnamic aldehyde (No. W228613-100G-K), 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene (DNCB) (No. 237329-10G), 6-methylcoumarin (No. W269905-100G-K), and nickel sulfate (No. N4882-1KG) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sunitinib (No. S7781), bevacizumab (No. A2006), palbociclib (No. S1116), imatinib (No. S2475), olaparib (No. S1060), dasatinib (No. S1021), nilotinib (No. S1033), bevacizumab (No. A2006), sorafenib (No. S7397), and regorafenib (No. S1178) were obtained from Selleckchem. Paclitaxel (No. HY-B0015) was purchased from MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA. Cysteine peptide (Ac-RFAAKAA-COOH) was purchased from Genosphere Biotechnologies, Paris, France. Peptide stock solutions were prepared to a final concentration of 0.667 mM in 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH of 7.5).
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2

Modulation of P2Y11 Receptor Activity

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The slowly hydrolyzable ATP analog ATPγS [7 (link), 20 (link)] (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) as well as the suramin analog NF340 [7 (link), 10 (link), 13 (link), 21 (link)] (Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA) served as P2Y11 receptor agonist (20 µM) and antagonist (20 µM), respectively. Further reagents utilized in this study include the PDE4-selective inhibitor rolipram (10 µM) (Sigma-Aldrich), BAPTA-AM (10 µM) (Sigma-Aldrich), calphostin C (250 nM) (Tocris), recombinant IL-1α and IL-1β (0.5–2 ng·ml−1) (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), the TACE/ADAM17 inhibitor TAPI-1 (20 µM) (Tocris), the selective inhibitor of Epac1 (R)-CE3F4 (20 µM) (Tocris), and the humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody bevacizumab (0.5 µg ml−1) (Selleckchem, Houston, TX, USA).
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3

Metabolic Effects on Human Retinal Cells

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O-phosphorylethanolamine (Sigma, USA, #P0503-1G), hyodeoxycholic acid (Sigma, USA, H3878-5G), L-tryptophanamide (Selleck, USA, #S6155), cyclamic acid (Yuanye Biology, China, #S70017-5G), sodium cyclamate (Sigma, USA, #47827), curcumin [65 (link)] (Selleck, USA, #S1848), bevacizumab (Selleck, USA, #A2006). Blank control group (culture medium), negative control (0.1% DMSO group), curcumin (positive control group when studying the effect of differential metabolites on HRPECs), bevacizumab group (positive control group when studying the effect of differential metabolites on HRECs) were set.
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4

Bevacizumab Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury

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In the TBI + Beva group, bevacizumab (10 mg/kg, in saline solution; Selleck Chemicals) was intraperitoneally injected once immediately after TBI (16 (link),20 (link)). The TBI + Vehicle group animals were intraperitoneally administered equal amounts of saline.
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5

Quantifying VEGF-Driven Angiogenesis in Liver Cancer

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To examine the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in angiogenic
activity in CMs of BEL7402/Huh7 cells, we collected the CMs from different
groups as follows: (1) Huh7 NC/CLIC1-knockdown, (2) Huh7 NC/CLIC1
overexpression, (3) Huh7 CLIC1 overexpression + AntiVEGF (Bevacizumab) (A2006,
Selleck Chemicals), (4) BEL7402 NC/CLIC1-knockdown, (5) BEL7402 NC/CLIC1
overexpression, and (6) BEL7402 CLIC1 overexpression + AntiVEGF. The levels of
VEGFA were measured using an ELISA kit (ELH-VEGF-CL, Raybiotech) according to
the manufacturer's instructions.
For the EA.hy926 migration assay, 4 × 104 EA.hy926 cells were seeded
in the upper chamber with FBS-free media, and 4 × 104 HCC cells
(Huh7/BEL7402) or CMs of HCC cells were placed in the lower chamber of a 24-well
transwell plate (8 μm, Corning). After 24 h of incubation at 37°C and 5%
CO2, the cells were fixed with methanol and stained with 0.5%
crystal violet. Cells on the upper surface were removed with cotton swabs, and
cells that migrated to the lower surface were counted under an optical
microscope. The experiment was repeated 3 times.
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6

Tumor Sphere Drug Sensitivity Assay

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One hundred CR cells in 100 µl of complete F-medium were seeded in ultra-low attachment 96-well plates (Corning) to generate tumorspheres. The tumorspheres were treated with DMSO, 4-OH-tamoxifen (Sigma-Aldrich), doxorubicin (WAKO), docetaxel (WAKO), paclitaxel (WAKO), bevacizumab (Selleck), fulvestrant (Selleck) or palbociclib (Selleck) and incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2. After 48 h of treatment, the CellTiter-Glo® 3D cell viability assay (Promega, WI, USA) was used to assess growth inhibition. To determine the IC50, cells were treated for 4 days with 4-OH-tamoxifen. was also used for drug sensitivity assay.
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7

Growth Curves of Cell Lines with Cytokines

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For growth curves, cell lines were counted using trypan blue and passaged every 2 days, seeding cells at the original concentration. Cells were grown with 10 ng/ml IL-5 (Peprotech), 50 ng/ml VEGF-165 (Peprotech), 10 µg/ml Bevacizumab (Selleckchem) and/or 500 pg/ml Benralizumab (AstraZeneca). Where appropriate, doxycycline induction of transduced cells was at 2 µg/ml. Growth curves were not performed in the PDX, instead the cells were just counted at day 6 after seeding.
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8

Chick Embryo Tumor Sphere Xenograft Treatment

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Axitinib was purchased from SelleckChem (Houston, TX). Axitinib was diluted in DMSO and stored at −20 °C at a stock concentration of 10 mM. Chick embryo tumor sphere xenografts were treated topically with either 30µL Axitinib (10 µM) or control (DMSO) on Day 4 and Day 7 post-engraftment. Tumor growth was monitored using IVIS imaging and at end-point, Day 9 post-engraftment, tumors were resected, fixed and processed for immunohistochemistry. Similarly, Bevacizumab was also purchased from SelleckChem (Houston, TX). Chicken embryo spheres were treated with 10.5µL of Bevacizumab (7.5 mg/kg) or control on Day 4 and 7 post engraftment and tumor growth was monitored through IVIS.
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9

Endothelial Cell Network Formation Assay

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Matrigel gels were created using low growth factor Matrigel (Corning, Corning) (protein concentration >9.5 mg/mL) in a 48 well plate. It was gelled at 37°C overnight, then rinsed twice with PBS. ECs were added in 250 μL EBM with no supplement and allowed to adhere for 1 hour. An additional 250 μL of 48 hour conditioned medium from unaffected or affected fibroblasts, or non-conditioned medium with or without 20 ng/mL VEGF and with or without 250 μL/mL bevacizumab (Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, Selleckchem) in 5% FBS + 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin in DMEM were added and ECs were incubated for 14 hours before being fixed and stained for CD31 as described above. Endothelial cell network formation was also tracked by live-cell imaging via Celigo Imaging Cytomenter (Nexcelom Biosciences) at 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours.
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10

Evaluating Combination Therapy Efficacy

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Gefinitib, cediranib, bevacizumab, and paclitaxel were purchased from Selleck Chemicals, LLC (Houston, TX, USA) and suspended in DMSO.
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