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11 protocols using sodium metasilicate nonahydrate

1

Lipase-Catalyzed Tuna Oil Synthesis

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Trimethoxy (propyl)silane (98%), p-nitrophenylpalmitate (p-NPP) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The other chemicals like sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, CTAB, toluene, ethanol and triethylamine were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China) with purity of 99%. The lipase powder named AY30 (lipase from Candida rugosa, CRL for short) was gained from Amano Enzyme, Inc. (Nagoya, Japan). The BCA kit for protein assay was acquired from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Refined tuna oil was obtained from NovoSana Co., Ltd. (Jiangsu, China).
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2

Perovskite Solar Cell Precursors

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Cesium iodide (CsI, 99.999%), lead iodide (PbI2, 99.9%), lead bromide (PbBr2, 99.9%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.8%), isopropanol (IPA,  ≥ 99.5%), bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (Li-TFSI, 99.95%), 4-tert-Butylpyridine (tBP, 96%) and toluene (TL, anhydrous, 99.8%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Tin (IV) oxide (15% in H2O colloidal dispersion) was purchased from Alfa-Aesar. Nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2·6H2O, AR, ≥ 98.0%), citric acid monohydrate (C6H8O7·H2O, AR, ≥ 99.5%), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4, AR, ≥ 99.0%), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, AR, ≥ 99.8%), sodium nitrate (NaNO3, AR, ≥ 99.0%), trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na3PO4·12H2O, AR, ≥ 98.0%), sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O, AR, ≥ 98.0%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Formamidinium iodide (FAI) was purchased from Great Cell. Methylammonium iodide (MAI), methylammonium chloride (MACl), poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) were obtained from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. 2,2’,7,7’-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9’-spirobifluorene] (spiro-OMeTAD), [6 (link), 6 (link)]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM, 99.5%) and bathocuproine (BCP, 99%) were purchased from Nichem chemicals. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates (8 Ω sq−1) and indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) substrates (7 Ω sq−1) were purchased from Nippon Sheet Glass.
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3

Doxorubicin-loaded Silica Nanoparticles

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As2O3 (90%), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES, 97%), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS 99.9%), Iron (II) acetate (tech 97%), Polyoxyethylene(5)nonylphenyl ether (Co-520) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, ammonium hydroxide, cyclohexane and ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Doxorubicin (DOX) was purchased from HuangFeng United Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). All chemicals were used as received without further purification.
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4

Synthesis of Inorganic Compounds via DLP 3D Printing

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The reagent-grade sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O), magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (Mg(NO3)2·6H2O), calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O), and other inorganic reagents were purchased from Sinopharm Reagent Co., Ltd. The photosensitive resin for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing was supplied by Ten Dimensions Technology Co (China).
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5

Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Nanowires

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The CS and MCS nanowires were both synthesized via a hydrothermal treatment. For the synthesis of MCS nanowires, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, Aladdin, 99%) and sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., AR) were dissolved in deionized water (0.4 mol/L). After dissolving completely, both solutions were mixed and stirred till they turned into a white suspension. Then, manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O, Collins, 99.99%) was added to the mixed solution of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and Na2SiO3·9H2O with the Mn/Si atomic ratio of 2%, 4%, and 8%. Subsequently, the suspension was transferred into Teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclaves and treated at 200°C for 24 h. After hydrothermal treatment, the products were washed with water and anhydrous ethanol three times, and MCS nanowires were obtained and stored in anhydrous ethanol at 4°C.
For the synthesis of CS nanowires, the process was the same as that for MCS nanowires without the addition of manganese chloride tetrahydrate, and CS nanowires were also stored in anhydrous ethanol. Anhydrous ethanol should be washed out before further experiments.
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6

Synthesis of Magnesium-based Nanocomposites

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Magnesium bulks (99.99%) were purchased from Suzhou Xinghai Electronic Commerce Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China. Chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6·6H2O) was purchased from Zhongtian Dine Chemical Co., Ltd., Zhoushan, China. Bismuth acetate (Bi (C2H3O2)), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and p-nitrophenol (4-NP) were obtained from Aladdin, Shanghai, China. Methyl orange (MO) was purchased in the Tianjin Tianxin Fine Chemical Development Center, Tianjin, China. P-nitrobenzoic acid (p-NBA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na) were purchased from Tianjin Damao Chemical Reagent Factory, Tianjin, China. Potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O), and potassium fluoride (KF) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. All the reagents are analytical reagents (ARs).
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7

Biomaterial Synthesis for Cell Culture

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The reagent-grade inorganic salts such as calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2 · 4H2O), magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (Mg(NO3)2 · 6H2O), sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3 · 9H2O) and ammonia water were supplied by Sinopharm Reagent Co., China, while the ammonium phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) was bought from Aladdin Biological Technology Co., China. SP700 photosensitive acrylic resin (Shaoxing Xunshi Technology Co., China) and BYK-111 dispersant (BYK-Chemie GmbH, Germany) were chosen as resin and dispersant for DLP printing. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, HY-K0301) was supplied by MedChemExpress, USA. TRITC Phalloidin (FS0381, Shanghai Fushen Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China) and 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidine dihydrochloride (DAPI, Beyotime Biotech, China) were used for F-actin and nuclear staining, respectively. The MC3T3-E1 cell (iCell-m050), minimum essential medium (α-MEM, iCell-0003), fetal bovine serum (FBS, iCell-0500) and penicillin–streptomycin (iCell-15140-122) were purchased from iCell Bioscience, China. The glutaraldehyde solution (G916054) was bought from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd, China. The osmic acid was provided by SPI-CHEM. All of these reagents were used without modification.
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8

Fabrication of Ti3AlC2-Chitosan Composite

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Ti3AlC2 powders were purchased from 11 Technology Co., Ltd (China). Chitosan, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O), hydrochloric acid and ammonia solution were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (China). Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2·4H2O] and lithium fluoride (LiF) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd (China).
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9

Synthesis of Silica-Based Nanomaterials

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Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS 99.9%), Zinc chloride (ZnCl2 90%), and Arsenic trioxide (As2O3 90%) were obtained from Alfa Aesar. Polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (Igepal Co-520, ESI) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol ammonium hydroxide, cyclohexane, and sodium metasilicate nonahydrate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). 3-(Dimethyl(3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl)-ammonio) propane-1-sulfonate was purchased from Meryer Chemical Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai).
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10

Multimaterial Biofabrication Using DLP

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The reagent-grade calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O), magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (Mg(NO3)2·6H2O), sodium metasilicate nonahydrate (Na2SiO3·9H2O), and other inorganic reagents were purchased from Sinopharm Reagent Co., Ltd. The light-sensitive resin for DLP technique was supplied by Ten Dimensions Technology Co., China. GelMA (EFL-GM-90, DS: 90%) and photoinitiator lithium phenyl-2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) were purchased from Yongqinquan Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China. The hydroxypropyl hethylcellulose (HPMC, METHOCEL™ E4M Premium CR) was provided by Shanghai Colorcon Coating Technology Ltd Shanghai, China. 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), n-Heptane and 1-Propanol were also bought from Sinopharm Reagent Co., Ltd. 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) was bought from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC., USA.
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