Stata statistical software release 17 for mac

Categorical variables were reported as absolute and relative frequencies, whereas continuous variables were reported as mean and standard deviation. Univariate analysis for continuous variables was conducted with student’s t-test. To describe differences in categorical variables between groups and subgroups, we calculated risks ratios (RR; also referred to as relative risks) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) under a random-effects model. Student’s t-test was performed using the online t test calculator from GraphPad (https://www.graphpad.com/quickcalcs/ttest1, GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). RR calculations were conducted with the Stata Statistical Software Release 17 for Mac (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA).
This study followed the STROBE reporting guidelines (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology [47 (link)]).

For the statistical analysis, depression occurrence and adverse events were treated as dichotomous data. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the SSRIs and placebo groups. Due to the expected heterogeneity, we calculated the RR under a random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird). We assessed heterogeneity between studies with the I² statistics. Post-hoc sensitivity analysis was conducted for missing outcome data. Publication bias assessment was performed by funnel plot analysis and Egger’s test. Calculations were performed with the Stata Statistical Software Release 17 for Mac (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA).

For descriptive analysis, results are reported as mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and absolute numbers and percentages for categorical variables. Univariate analysis was performed with the chi-squared test (χ2) and t-test, respectively. Subgroup analysis of the primary outcomes was investigated using odds ratio (OR) as estimate to compare the likelihoods between COVID-19 patients with and without a concurrent MS diagnosis. Pooled overall estimates, sex-stratified estimates, age-group stratified estimates, and MS subtype stratified estimates were calculated for all outcomes under the random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird). Differences of subgroup-stratified estimates within and in-between the primary outcome analysis were investigated with the Cochran test for heterogeneity and I² statistics. P < 0.05 was set as the level of statistical significance. Calculations were performed with the Stata Statistical Software Release 17 for Mac (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX).