Continuous EEG was recorded from 32 Ag/AgCl active electrode sensors with integrated noise subtraction circuits (actiCap, Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany), placed according to the 10/10 system with a reference electrode located at FCz. Signals were recorded in the frequency range from 0.016 to 450 Hz, and digitized with a sampling rate of 1000 Hz using a Brain Products BrainAmp MR plus (Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany). Electrode impedance was maintained below 10 KΩ.
Brainamp mr plus
Manufactured by Brain Products
Sourced in Germany
The BrainAmp MR plus is a high-performance amplifier designed for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environments. It is a modular and flexible system that can be configured to meet the specific requirements of various research and clinical applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
Acticap, by Brain Products (8 mentions)
Brain vision recorder software, by Brain Products (4 mentions)
Braincap mr, by Brain Products (3 mentions)
Ag agcl electrodes, by EASYCAP (2 mentions)
Matlab r2013b, by MathWorks (2 mentions)
Brainamp usb adapter, by Brain Products (2 mentions)
Brainamp exg mr, by Brain Products (2 mentions)
Braincapmr 64, by Brain Products (2 mentions)
Syncbox mainunit, by Brain Products (2 mentions)
Multitrodes, by Brain Products (1 mentions)
Brainsight neuronavigation system, by Rogue Research (1 mentions)
Syncbox, by Brain Products (1 mentions)
Resume 2, by Medtronic (1 mentions)
Fastrak device, by Polhemus (1 mentions)
Magnetom tim trio, by Siemens (1 mentions)
E prime, by Psychology Software Tools (1 mentions)
Acticap slim, by Brain Products (1 mentions)
Triggerbox, by Brain Products (1 mentions)
A310 accupulser, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions)
Prisma scanner, by Siemens (1 mentions)
59 protocols using brainamp mr plus
1
EEG Recording with Active Electrodes
2
EEG Recording of Children's Play
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Brain Vision Recorder (Brainproducts, Munich, Germany) software and BrainAmp MR Plus (Brainproducts, Munich, Germany) system machine were used for EEG recording. EEG recordings were performed with a sampling rate of 500 Hz, and the band limits were 0.01–250 Hz. EEG was recorded from 18 channels (F3, F4, C3, C4, P3, P4, O1, O2, T7, T8, TP7, TP8, P7, P8, Fz, Cz, Pz, Oz) using the gold (Au) disc electrodes. The electrodes were placed according to the International 10–20 system. In addition, two additional linked (A1 + A2) earlobe electrodes were used for referencing, and all electrodes were referenced to these two electrodes. The ground electrode was placed behind the right earlobe. EOG electrodes (HEOG and VEOG) were placed on the medial upper and lateral orbital rim of the right eye for the recording of the eye movements. All children standardly played with plastic construction toy blocks during the preparation phase (during the placing of the electrodes). If the children did not want to continue the experiments at any stage, the experiment terminated. The impedance values were below 10 kΩ (kiloohm) for all electrodes. EEG recordings were performed in a dimly-lighted and isolated room. The mother or a father sat behind the children during recordings, they were silent and not in the children’s visual area.
3
Resting-State EEG During tACS Protocol
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Before and after the application of tACS, EEG signals were captured during a 3-min resting state with the eyes closed using a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz. Channel activity was referenced online to Fz, and the impedance was kept below 5 kΩ. The EEG signals were captured using the 10-10 system from 32 electrodes that were connected to an electrocap (Brain Products, BrainAmp MR Plus). Participants were instructed to close their eyes and unwind in a dimly lit room free of any outside noise throughout the recording of the resting-state EEG signals.
4
Detailed EEG Recording Protocol
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During the control and experimental nights, EEG was recorded with Ag/AgCl electrodes (EasyCap, http://www.easycap.de ) from 25 scalp sites according to the International 10/20 system (F7, F3, F4, F8, FC3, FCz, FC4, T7, C3, Cz, C4, T8, CP5, CP1, CP2, CP6, P7, P3, Pz, P4, P8, PO7, PO8, O1, O2) against a reference positioned on Fz, and Fpz serving as a ground electrode. Additionally, bioelectrical signals from both sides of the nose were recorded for offline reference. Horizontal and vertical electrooculograms (EOG) as well as electromyogram (EMG) from left and right musculus masseter were also recorded. Data were amplified with cut-off frequencies DC and 250 Hz by a BrainAmp MR plus (Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany) and stored with a sampling rate of 500/s. EEG was offline re-referenced to the mean value of both nose electrodes. Analyses were performed by means of Brain Vision Analyzer 2.1 (Brain Products GmbH, Germany) and by specially designed software on Matlab R2013b (The MathWorks, Inc.).
5
TMS-EEG Measurement of Drug Effects
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Subjects were seated with eyes open while fixating. During stimulation subjects listened to a colored masking noise18 whose intensity was adjusted individually in each experimental session, until the participant reported that they were unable to hear the TMS‐click. TMS‐compatible EEG equipment (BrainAmp MRplus, BrainProducts GmbH) with a 64‐electrode cap (Multitrodes, BrainCap‐Fast'n Easy) was used. 150 consecutive TMS stimuli, with inter‐trial interval of approximately 4 sec (random variation of 20%), were applied at 100% RMT. RMT was obtained before and at 2, 4, and 6 h after drug administration. In each TMS‐EEG session the stimulation intensity was kept relative to the predrug RMT. PK blood samples were obtained ~5 min before each postdose TMS measurement period.
6
Multimodal Neuroimaging Protocol: fMRI and EEG
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EEG was continuously recorded in the scanner during the fMRI acquisition. The EEG setup included a 64-channels MRI-compatible EEG cap, two pairs of ECG, horizontal and vertical EOG, and one pair of chin EMG (BrainAmp MR plus; Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany). The EEG signal was referenced online to FCz. Electrode-skin impedance was kept under 10 kOhm, in addition to the 5-kOhm built-in electrode resistance. The EEG signal was digitized at a 5000 Hz sampling rate with 500 nV resolution. Data were analog-filtered by a band-limiting low-pass filter at 250 Hz (30 dB per octave) and a high-pass filter with a 10 s time constant corresponding to a high-pass frequency of 0.0159 Hz.
7
64-Channel TMS-Compatible EEG Setup
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TMS-compatible 64 channel EEG caps (Fast N’ Easy TMS Cap, Brain Products GmbH, Munich, Germany) were used along with TMS-compatible EEG amplifiers (BrainAmp MR Plus, Brain Products GmbH, Munich, Germany) with a wide dynamic range allowing continuous data recording without saturation of the EEG signals. Additional electrodes were used as ground and reference. The ground electrode was positioned in AFz and the FCz electrode served as the reference for all electrodes. The signals were bandpass filtered online at 0.1–500 Hz and digitized at a sampling rate of 5 kHz. Skin/electrode impedance was maintained below 10 kOhms for all subjects. Electrode positions were digitized and co-registered to each subject’s MRI by means of the Brainsight Neuronavigation System (Rogue Research, Montreal, Canada).
8
High-Density EEG Acquisition in MRI
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Continuous EEG data were collected from 32 sites using BrainAmp MR plus, with high-input impedance specifically designed for recordings in high magnetic fields (BrainProducts, Munich, Germany). We used sintered Ag/AgCl ring electrodes with 5 kΩ resistors embedded in an electrode cap according to the 10–20 system (Falk Minow Services, Herrsching, Germany). An electrode was placed on the lower back to monitor electrocardiograms (ECG). Electrode impedances were kept below 10 kΩ. The nonmagnetic, battery powered, EEG amplifier was placed behind the MRI head coil and stabilized with sandbags. The subject's head was immobilized using cushions. EEG data were transmitted via a fiber optic cable to a BrainAmp USB Adapter that synchronized the EEG acquisition clock to the MRI master clock via a SyncBox (BrainProducts) before transferring data via USB to a laptop computer placed outside the scanner room.
All 32 channels were recorded with FCz as reference and AFz as ground to minimize the distance between reference and recording sites and to prevent amplifier saturation. The data were recorded with a bandpass filter of 0.01–250 Hz and digitized at a rate of 5 kHz with 0.5 μV resolution (16 bit dynamic range, 16.38 mV).
All 32 channels were recorded with FCz as reference and AFz as ground to minimize the distance between reference and recording sites and to prevent amplifier saturation. The data were recorded with a bandpass filter of 0.01–250 Hz and digitized at a rate of 5 kHz with 0.5 μV resolution (16 bit dynamic range, 16.38 mV).
9
Epidural Electrode Array for Brain-Computer Interface
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The epidurally implanted 4 × 4 electrode array consisted of four electrode leads for chronic application (Resume II, Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) with four platinum iridium electrode contacts, each (4 mm diameter, 10 mm center-to-center distance) covering parts of the right primary motor, somatosensory cortex and premotor cortex. During the evaluation period, the electrode grid was externalized with percutaneous extensions which were connected to a recording and processing unit and a robotic hand orthosis. A monopolar amplifier (BrainAmp MR plus, BrainProducts, Munich, Germany) with 1 kHz sampling rate and a high-pass filter (cutoff frequency at 0.16 Hz) and a low-pass filter (cutoff frequency at 1000 Hz) was used for ECoG recording. Online processing of brain signals was performed using the BCI 2000 framework (Schalk et al., 2004 (link)) extended with custom-built features to control an electromechanical hand orthosis (Amadeo, Tyromotion GmbH, Graz, Austria). The data was collected batch-wise, i.e., every 40 ms, the recording computer received a batch of data that contained 40 samples per channel (Walter et al., 2012 (link); Gharabaghi et al., 2014a (link)). The reference electrode was chosen from the contacts on the somato-sensory cortex, i.e., medio-posterior or latero-posterior corner of the grid.
10
MRI-compatible EEG Acquisition Protocol
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We recorded EEG data with 64 channels (BrainCap-MR-3-0 64Ch-Standard; Easycap GmbH; Herrsching, Germany; international 10–20 layout, reference electrode at FCz) plus channels for electrocardiogram, heart rate, and respiration (used for MR artifact correction) at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz. We placed MRI-compatible EEG amplifiers (BrainAmp MR plus; Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany) behind the MR scanner and attached cables to the participants once they were located in final position in the scanner. Furthermore, we fixated cables using sand-filled pillows to reduce artifacts induced through cable movement in the magnetic field. During functional scans, the MR helium pump was switched off to reduce EEG artifacts. After the scanning, we recorded the exact EEG electrode locations on participants’ heads relative to three fiducial points using a Polhemus FASTRAK device. For four participants, no such data were available due to time constraints/ technical errors, in which case we used the average electrode locations of the remaining 32 participants.
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