Bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin (OVA), potassium carbonate, and chloroauric acid solution were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Protein-G columns and goat anti-rabbit IgG were supplied by Solarbio Corporation (Beijing, China). Nitrocellulose (NC) films were purchased from Sartorius (Gottingen, Germany). Polyester fiber membranes, special absorbent paper, plastic cards, and glass fiber (GF) membranes were bought from Shanghai Kinbio Tech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Serum and coating antigen were developed in a previous study [23 (link)]. Standards (Dicamba; 5-hydroxydicamba; 2,3,5-trichlorobenzoic acid; 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid; clopyralid; picloram; chloramben and chlorfenac) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL), Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) or Chem Service, Inc. (West Chester, PA). The solvents and reagents used in this study were all of analytical grade.
Chloroauric acid solution
Manufactured by Merck Group
Chloroauric acid solution is a laboratory chemical compound with the formula HAuCl4. It is a yellow-orange liquid used as a precursor for the synthesis of various gold nanoparticles and compounds. The solution contains gold ions in a tetrachloroaurate(III) form.
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2 protocols using chloroauric acid solution
1
Immunoassay for Dicamba Detection
2
Synthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles
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Gold NPs were synthesized following Frens protocol. [36] Briefly, 2 ml of a 0.5 wt% chloroauric acid solution (Sigma-Aldrich) was diluted in 96 ml water and brought to a boil under reflux. Next, 2 ml of trisodium citrate solution (Sigma-Aldrich) was swiftly injected to the solution with vigorous stirring. Upon addition of the trisodium citrate, the color of the solution changed to blue and then gradually became red. This color change is attributed to the increase in size of gold NPs as the citrate ions reduce gold (III). [36] This procedure produces highly spherical monodisperse gold NPs. [37] After cooling the solution in the room temperature, the NPs were PEGylated by mixing 1 ml of a 1 wt% methoxy-PEG-thiol (5 kDa, JenKem Technology) with the NP solution for 8 hrs.
The diameter (d = 41 nm) and polydispersity (PDI= 0.17) of the PEGylated gold NPs were measured using dynamic light scattering (Malvern ZetaSizer Nano-ZS). The diameter of the hard core of these NPs (without PEG) was 23 nm.
The diameter (d = 41 nm) and polydispersity (PDI= 0.17) of the PEGylated gold NPs were measured using dynamic light scattering (Malvern ZetaSizer Nano-ZS). The diameter of the hard core of these NPs (without PEG) was 23 nm.
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