fractionation were determined using a Hewlett-Packard 1100 chromatograph (Agilent
Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) with a quaternary pump and a diode array detector (DAD).
The column is coupled with an MSD Ion Trap XCT mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies,
Santa Clara, CA) equipped with an electrospray ionization interface (ESI). Fractions were
injected onto a C-18 column (4.6 × 25 cm, 5 μm; Phenomenex UK, Macclesfield, UK). The
solvents used were 90% acetic acid–water (A) and 10% MeOH (B). The elution gradient was
isocratic 10% B for 5 min, 10–100% B over 20 min, 100% B for 6 min, and re-equilibration
of the column, using a flow rate of 200 μL/min. Spectra were recorded in negative and
positive ionization mode between m/z 50 and 1200.