Cucl2

RuCl₃ (Sigma-Aldrich 208523),
CuCl₂ (Sigma-Aldrich 222011),
and H₂PtCl₆ (Sigma-Aldrich 520896) were impregnated
into the Ta₂O₅/SrZrO₃ photocatalysts.
The final weight percentages were 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.3, and
1.5 wt %. The samples were kept in solution at 80 °C for 4 h
under constant stirring. The samples were dried at 80 °C. The
obtained powders were annealed in an air atmosphere at 400 °C
for 2 h. For Pt deposition, H₂PtCl₆ was added
to a Ta₂O₅/SrZrO₃ suspension in propanol.
The powder was centrifuged and also dried at 80 °C for 4 h.

PLGA (Resomer RG 85:15H), Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, MW: 30000–70000), CuCl₂ were procured from Sigma Aldrich, China/Docetaxel and doxorubicin were procured from Chengdu Mansite Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. from Sichuan, China. Shanghai LeiDi biotechnology Co. Ltd. from Shanghai, China provided human nasopharynx carcinoma cells (HNE-1). RPMI medium 1640 procured from Gibco, Waltham, MA was used to culture the HNE-1 cells augmented with 10% FBS also procured from Gibco, Waltham, MA. The entire procedure was carried out at physiological temperature (37 °C) in an incubator with 5% CO₂ & humidity for scheduled time period utilizing allied process.

One wt % aqueous CuCl₂ (Sigma Aldrich) was added to a previously prepared stock solution (0.4 M aqueous SnCl₄·5H₂O and CH₄N₂O in 1:2 ratio). Then a procedure similar to the one explained in Section 2.1 was followed to obtain Cu-doped SnO₂ powders (Cu:SnO₂) utilizing urea and ammonia as precipitation agents. Similarly, Pt:SnO₂ and Pd:SnO₂ powders were prepared utilizing PtCl₂ and PdCl₂, respectively.

Elesclomol (MedChemexpress Co., LTD. # HY-12040) with Copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl₂, Sigma-Aldrich, # C3279) was used as the inducer of cuproptosis (Tsvetkov et al., 2019 (link)). Tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) (Sigma-Aldrich. #323446) was used as the inhibitor of cuproptosis (Tsvetkov et al., 2022 (link)). 5×10³ cells in suspension were seeded on a 96-well plate and allowed to adhere overnight in the culture medium containing 10% FBS. The cells were initially treated with or without 5 μM TTM overnight. Pre-mix CuCl₂ and Elesclomol with 1:1 ratio (Elesclomol- CuCl₂). Subsequently, the cells were treated with different concentration of the Elesclomol- CuCl₂ (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 nm respectively) for 24 h. Cell viability assay was performed using Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK8, Selleck, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

The pH-metric measurements were performed on Metrohm 905 Titrando system equipped with combined Biotrop^® electrode. The titrant was 0.1 M KOH (Merck, Germany) freed of CO₂ by bubbling Ar gas for 3 h. The electrode calibration was performed before each titration. The volume of all the samples was 1.5 mL and the measurements were carried out at a range of pH of 2.5–11.0 in thermostated vessels at 298 K in an inert atmosphere of Ar gas. The ligands 9a and 10a were diluted in hydrochloric acid (pH = 2.5), prepared from 37% HCl (Sigma-Aldrich, Poland). Their concentration was set up at a range of 1.0–2.0 × 10⁻³ M and the ionic strength of 0.1 M was achieved by the addition of KCl (Sigma-Aldrich, Poland). The ligand-metal ion systems were prepared by addition of CuCl₂ (Sigma-Aldrich, Poland). stock solutions to reach final ligand to metal ratio (nL: nCu²⁺) being 2:1 or 1:1.
The protonation (β_i = [H_iL]/[H⁺]ⁱ[L]), stability constants (β_pqr = [M_pH_qL_r]/[M]^p[H]^q[L]^r), and stoichiometry of complexes were calculated using the HYPERQUAD program [37 (link)]. The distribution species plots were made by HySS program [38 (link)]. The standard deviations were computed for all the constants and indicated the presence of only random errors, which was a good evidence of the presence of each species in the equilibrium.

ZnCl₂, CuCl₂, CdCl₂, FeCl₂, SeCl₄, AlCl₃, MgCl₂, HgCl₂, and PbCl₂ were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Zinpyr-1 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Primary antibodies were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Map2, GluN1, and Shank1 for WB), Synaptic Systems (Bassoon, Homer1b/c, Shank3), Merck Millipore (GluN2a and GluN2b), and Novus Biological (Shank1 for IF). Shank2 antibodies have been described previously [14 (link)]. Secondary antibodies Alexa were purchased from Life Technologies. Unless otherwise indicated, all other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.