Technical-grade (+)-nootkatone (≥98%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used in the preparation of three stock solutions with ethanol (absolute, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) as a solvent: 40%, 10%, and 0.1%. These concentrations were used based on the results of informal preliminary testing with the same tick populations (not shown). Solutions were kept at 4 °C for up to 24 h before being discarded and making a fresh stock. These were diluted with ethanol (absolute) to obtain six working concentrations unique to each species (Table 1 ). Stock and test solutions were stored in 13 mm × 100 mm tubes with screw caps (Simport Scientific, Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, QC, Canada); they were vortexed with a VWR fixed-speed vortex mixer (VWR, Radnor, PA, USA) for 30 s when initially made and again before use.
Fixed speed vortex mixer
Manufactured by Avantor
Sourced in United States
The Fixed-speed vortex mixer is a laboratory equipment designed to mix and agitate samples through rapid vortex action. It operates at a fixed speed to provide consistent mixing performance.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
2 protocols using fixed speed vortex mixer
1
Preparation of (+)-nootkatone Stock Solutions
2
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Protocols
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Remell™ Mueller Hinton broth with cations (CAMHB) powder (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA) was dissolved in DI water according the manufacturer's directions and autoclaved before use. Overnight cultures were made by inoculating 5 mL of CAMHB solution with an isolated colony of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula (ATCC® 10145™) (University of Victoria, BC, CA) (from an existing streak plate) via a disposable inoculating loop. The inoculated culture was vortexed (VWR, Fixed Speed Vortex Mixer) then incubated for 18 hours in a 37°C shaker incubator set at 200 rpm (VWR, 1575 Incubator Shaker) .
Overnight cultures were used for both the biofilm prevention protocol and the biofilm removal protocol. The overnight cultures were processed for use in each protocol by centrifuging (Beckman Coulter, Allegra X-12R) the overnight culture at 2095 ×g (Relative Centrifugal Force) for 8 minutes at approximately 21°C, to pellet P. aeruginosa. Longer centrifugation times tended to cause the pellets to be too difficult to break up in a later step. The supernatant was then decanted and the pellet was resuspended in 5 mL of CAMHB via vortexing.
Overnight cultures were used for both the biofilm prevention protocol and the biofilm removal protocol. The overnight cultures were processed for use in each protocol by centrifuging (Beckman Coulter, Allegra X-12R) the overnight culture at 2095 ×g (Relative Centrifugal Force) for 8 minutes at approximately 21°C, to pellet P. aeruginosa. Longer centrifugation times tended to cause the pellets to be too difficult to break up in a later step. The supernatant was then decanted and the pellet was resuspended in 5 mL of CAMHB via vortexing.
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