Trizma hydrochloride tris hcl

Acetylcholinesterase from electric eel (Electrophorus electricus, type VI-s, lyophilized powder), acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCI), butyrylcholinesterase from equine serum (lyophilized powder), butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTCI), 5,5′-dithio-bis2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), α-amylase from porcine pancreas, α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4-p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, starch, galanthamine, and acarbose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Trizma hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Deionized water was produced using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) was collected from Gibco (Japan), and fetal bovine serum (FBS) was also collected from Gibco (Waltham, MA, USA). Insulin and penicillin G/streptomycin were collected from Wako (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Osaka, Japan), the MTS kit was collected from Promega (Madison, WI, USA), and poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was collected from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany).

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) (type VI-s, lyophilized powder), acetylthiocholine iodide (ATCI), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) from equine serum (lyophilized powder), butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTCI), and 5,5′-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Trizma hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Deionized water was produced using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

The Annexin V and fluorescein conjugate (FITC annexin V) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Propidium iodide (PI), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5,50, 6,60-tetrachloro-1,10, 3,3-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1), phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and trizma/hydrochloride (Tris/HCl) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trypsin, dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), tissue culture-grade water, the ViaLight plus ATP assay kit and the Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) were obtained from Lonza (Walkersville, MD, USA). Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). The Oxiselect™ Intracellular ROS assay kit (Green Fluorescence) was purchased from Cell Biolabs (San Diego, CA, USA). XF Cell Mito Stress Kit was purchased from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA, USA). The GSH/GSSH-Glo^™ assay kit and caspase-glo 3/7 were purchased from Promega, (Madison, WI, USA). The SOD activity assay kit (Abcam, Pretoria, SA, USA) was used. 7-Hydroxyflavanone was extracted from Galenia africana by BioPharm (Hamilton, New Zealand) and validated by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–ultraviolet using a reference standard obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).