Sodium methoxide

Blood samples were collected after an overnight fasting period. Samples were centrifuged (3000× g, 10 min, 4 °C), and stored in plastic vials at −80 °C.
The profile of the FAs was assessed using Glaser’s method [2 (link)]. One hundred microliters of serum, 100 μL of an internal standard (146 µg PC15:0/mL methanol), and 0.6 mL of cold methanol were combined in glass tubes and shaken for 30 s. After centrifugation (2300× g, 10 min, 4 °C), the supernatant was transferred into a glass vial. FA methyl esters (FAMEs) were synthesized at room temperature by adding 25 µL sodium methoxide (25 wt % in methanol; Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA). The transesterification reaction was stopped after 3 min by adding 75 µL 3 M methanolic HCl. FAMEs were extracted twice into 2× 300 µL hexane. The extracts were combined and the solvent was evaporated under nitrogen. FAMEs were redissolved in 50 µL hexane containing butylated hydroxytoluene (2 g/L) and stored at −20 °C until further analysis.
Individual FAMEs were quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrum (Agilent 7890 series II and 5975C, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) using a BPX 70 column (BPX70, 25 m × 0.22 mm ID × 0.25 μm, SGE Analytical Science, Ringwood, Australia) as described previously [2 (link)]. Peak integration was performed using MSD ChemStation (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).

The SBLs were of a sugar beet plant (Beta Vulgaris L., var. SMART DJERBA-KWS) aged 10 months (March–January 2021), cultivated at a local farm in Padova, Italy. The area and weight of the SBLs were about 20–30 cm² and 2–3.5 g, respectively. They were transported to the laboratory in thermal boxes.
All the chemicals and solvents used in this work were of analytical grade. Sodium hydroxide, citric acid, sodium citrate tribasic dehydrate, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, EtOH, MeOH, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, triton X-100, 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid, barium hydroxide, sodium acetate, potassium carbonate, sodium methoxide, acetonitrile, sodium carbonate, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid, Trolox, iron(III) chloride, 2,4,6-Tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), and 2,2-diphenyil-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were bought from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). AccQTag Ultra Derivatization Kit, and 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) were purchased from Waters (Milford, CT, USA). The water utilized in all the analyzes was deionized and distilled.

Polymerization grade of NDC, BDO and PTMEG were donated by the Kolon Industries Co. (Gumi, Korea) and used after drying. Irganox 1010, titanium tetrabutoxide (TBT, 97%), sodium methoxide (95%), diethanolamine (98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seoul, Korea) and were used without further purification. Reagent grade of dichloromethane, chloroform, hexane, diethyl ether, and ethanol purchased from Dae Jung Chemical Co. (Daejeon, Korea) were distilled according to standard procedures. A commercial-grade soybean oil purchased from Ottogi Co. (Anyang, Korea) and triflouroacetic acid (TFA) (99%) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (97%) purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries (Tokyo, Japan) were used without further purification.

Monopotassium d-glucarate was purchased from Applied Foods Sciences, LLC, (Austin, TX, USA). Sodium methoxide was purchased as a 0.5 M solution in methanol from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) or J.T. Baker (Philipsburg, NJ, USA) and used without further purification. DOWEX 50WX8 ion exchange resin was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Hydroxymethyl EDOT (EDOT-OH, 95%), sodium hydride (NaH, 60% dispersion in mineral oil), trityl chloride (97%), magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃), triphenylphosphine (PPh₃), Amberlite IR-120 resin, sodium methoxide (NaOMe), iron(III) p-toluenesulfonate hexahydrate (technical grade), imidazole (IM, 99%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS, ≥98%), hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) hydrate (HAuCl₄), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TSC, 99%), DA, AA, UA, and PC were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. The aqueous PEDOT:PSS solution (Clevios PH1000, PEDOT:PSS ratio = 1:2.5) was purchased from Heraeus with a solid concentration 1.0–1.3 wt%. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate (EA), hexane, acetone, carbon tetrabromide (CBr₄), potassium thioacetate (KSAc), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%), and nitric acid (HNO₃, 70%) were purchased from Acros Organics. All materials and reagents were used as received without further purification. The aqueous solutions were prepared with deionized (DI) water from a Millipore Milli-Q water treatment system (18.2 MΩ cm⁻¹).

The D-mannosamine hydrochloride, the anhydride form of N-propanoyl, N-butanoyl, N-pentanoyl, N-hexanoyl, sodium methoxide, pyridine, acetic anhydride, TLC plates and the respective chromatographic solvents such as chloroform and methanol were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, synthesis and analytical grade quality (Hamburg, Germany). MCF-7 cells purchased from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). Cell culture medium, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium, serum, penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco (Darmstadt, Germany). Laminin was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Hamburg, Germany) and E and CIM (cell invasion/migration) plates were purchased from OLS (Bremen, Germany). Protease and phosphates inhibitor were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Hamburg, Germany). 735 anti-polySia antibody was kindly gifted by Prof. Dr. Rita-Gerady-Schahn (Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany). 123C3 anti-NCAM and pERK 1 and 2 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology Europe B.V, (Frankfurt, Germany) and beta tubulin antimouse antibody was purchased from Thermofisher (Darmstadt, Germany). Biotinylated Maackia amurensis lectin II, and biotinylated wheat germ agglutinin were obtained from vector labs (Curlingame, CA, USA).