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6 protocols using pfak tyr 925

1

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Western blot analysis was performed, as described previously [44 (link)]. Briefly, whole-cell lysates were prepared in a modified RIPA buffer containing proteinase inhibitors and phosphatase inhibitors as described elsewhere [45 (link)]. Equivalent amounts of protein (20–80 μg) were loaded in 10% or 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) gels and transferred by blotting to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. The blot was incubated with primary antibodies against pFAK (Tyr 925; Cell Signaling Technology), pFAK (Tyr 576/577: Cell signaling technology), total FAK, pAKT, AKT, pERK1/2, ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling Technology), and actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.). After washing, the blot was incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies. The protein–antibody complexes were detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham, Arlington Heights, IL, USA), according to the manufacturer's recommended protocol.
Western blot bands were quantified using Image J software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). The adjusted relative densities were calculated relative to the expression of control sample's actin
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2

Signaling Pathway Analysis in Cancer Cells

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Cell culture medium was purchased from Invitrogen (Grand Island, NY). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Atlas Biologicals (Fort Collins, CO). Primary antibodies targeting the following were as detailed: Actin, EGFR, pEGFRTyr1069, pEGFRTyr1173, pEGFRTyr1110, ERK1/2, pERK1/2Thr202/204, mTOR, pmTORSer2441, pFAKTyr397, pFAKTyr527, pFAKTyr925, FAK, pMEKSer221, MEK, IKKα/β, pIKK α/βSer180/181, pSRCTyr418, SRC, pAKTSer473, AKT, pSTAT1Ser727, STAT1, Hsp70 and PLCγ were from Cell Signalling (Danvers, MA). Antibodies specific for BAG3 were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Secondary HRP-conjugated antibodies, including anti-rabbit Gig and anti-mouse IgG were from Cell Signalling (Danvers, MA). YM-1 was obtained from Sigma Aldrich and the compounds 5-carbamimidamido-2-[2-(phenylformamido) acetamido pentanoic acid (ZINC02516109) and 2-(quinoline-3-carbonyl)-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-3-carboxylic acid (ZINC72169376) sourced from MolPort (Europe).
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3

Investigating Focal Adhesion Kinase Signaling

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The p-FAK Tyr925 (cat #3284), FAK (cat #3285), p-src Tyr416 (cat #59548), src (cat #2109), p-cofilin Ser 3 (cat #3311), cofilin (cat #5175), NF-κB1 p105/p50 (cat #3035), NF-κB p65 (cat #8242), SNAIL (cat #3879), cleaved PARP (cat #5625), cleaved Caspase-3 (cat #9664), IκBα (cat #4814), Lamin A/C (cat #2032), p-NF-κB p65-Ser536 (cat #3033), and p-IκBα-Ser32 (cat #2859) antibodies were procured from Cell Signaling Technology and were used at 1:1000 dilution; β-actin (cat #sc-47778) antibody was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology and was used at 1:2000 dilution. E-cadherin (cat #610181) was from BD Biosciences and was used at 1:1000 dilution. MIEN1 antibody (cat #H00084299-M02) was from Abnova and was used at 1:2000 dilution. Human recombinant protein EGF was from Gibco (cat #PHG0311). MIEN1 protein was custom produced by Biomatik. The PCR primers were synthesized by Integrated DNA Technologies. The primer sequences are given in Table S2.
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4

Immunoblotting for Signaling Pathway

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Antibodies against p-EGFR (Tyr1068), p-c-Raf (Ser338), c-Raf, p-MEK1/2 (Ser217/221), MEK1/2, PKM2, p-LKB1 (Ser428), p-AMPKα (Thr172), Myc-Tag, p-Src family (Tyr416), Src, p-FAK (Tyr925), and FAK were from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against Glut1, p-ERK1/2 (Tyr204), ERK1, cyclin D1, LKB1, AMPKα, HIF-1α, LDHA, LDHB, integrin β1, CD44, and β-tubulin were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. EGFR was from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). p-PKM2 (Ser37) was from Signalway Antibody (College Park, MD, USA).
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5

Antibody Preparation and Detection

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Anti-human PTK6 (G6), anti-Raf-B (F-7) and anti-FAK (C-20) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX). Anti-EGFR and anti-P-PTK6 (Tyr-342) were purchased from Millipore (Temecula, CA). Anti-Ki67 was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Antibodies directed against AKT, P-AKT (Thr-308), P-AKT (Ser-473), P-BCAR1 (Tyr-165), cleaved Caspase-3, P-EGFR (Tyr-845), P-FAK (Tyr-397), P-FAK (Tyr-576/577), p44/42 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204) and P-FAK (Tyr-925) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Anti-BCAR1 antibody was purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). Antibodies directed against β-actin (AC-15) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Donkey anti-rabbit or sheep anti-mouse antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase were used as secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA) and detected by chemiluminescence with SuperSignal West Dura substrate from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL).
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6

Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Signaling

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General laboratory reagents were obtained at analytic grade from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and Bio‐Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). The α‐adrenoreceptor agonist PE and hypomethylating agent 5‐Aza were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Cell culture reagents were acquired from Invitrogen and Gibco (ThermoScientific, Cambridge, MA, USA). For the stimulation of A7r5 cells, DPBA (LC Laboratories, Woburn, MA, USA) was used at a final concentration of 3 μM. The following antibodies were used: caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1; #D46G3 rabbit monoclonal 1:2000), p‐ERK1/2 (#T202/Y204 rabbit 1:1000), p‐FAK Tyr925 (#Y925 rabbit 1:200), p‐paxillin Tyr118 (#Y118 rabbit 1:200) (from Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), paxillin (#610052 mouse monoclonal 1:1000), CAS p130 (#610271 mouse 1:250) (from BD Transductions, San Jose, CA, USA), Src (#sc‐18 rabbit 1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; for aortic tissue) or (#AM77189 mouse monoclonal 1:500; Abgent, San Diego, CA, USA; for A7r5 cells) and GAPDH (#G9545 rabbit 1:20,000; Sigma‐Aldrich). IRDye labelled secondary antibodies were purchased from LI‐COR (1:1000). RNA‐based experimental reagents, including Trizol, Taqman and miR mimic kits were acquired from Life Technologies, ThermoScientific.
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