Potassium persulfate k2s2o8

Low-gluten wheat flour and sugar were purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd (Yichang, China). Milk was obtained from Weidendorf (Shanghai, China). Eggs were bought from a local supermarket. Sodium bicarbonate food grade, ammonium bicarboante (food grade), Tween-20, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), β-mercaptoethanol, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-HCl (Tris–HCl), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), folin-phenol,2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), alicylic acid, ferrous sulfate and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Factory (Shanghai, China). Sodium acetate, 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ), ferric chloride and ethanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO). Standard N-ε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML) was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (Toronto, Canada). In addition, solvents and chemicals such as methanol (HPLC grade), chloroform (HPLC grade) and sodium borohydride solution (pH 13–14) were supplied by Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ, USA). The other chemicals were of analytical grade.

Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH), edible ethanol, absolute ethanol, potassium acetate (C₂H₃KO₂), aluminum trichloride (AlCl₃), potassium chloride (KCl), sodium acetate (CH₃COONa), methanol, sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), and potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈) originated from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. (Shanghai, China). Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ascorbic acid, 2,2’-Azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), vitamin E (VE), and D-galactose were offered by Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). PUSH BIO-TECHNOLOGY (Chengdu, China) provided: gallic acid, rutin, epicatechin, vanillin, formic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, procyanidin A2, procyanidin B2, procyanidin A1, procyanidin B1, and luteolin. A malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kit, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay kit, a reduced glutathione (GSH) assay kit, and a protein carbonyl assay kit originated from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Pentobarbitol sodium was provided by HeFei BoMei Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Hefei, China).

Yellow rice wine (batch number 20180905) was purchased from Zhejiang Tapai Shaoxing Wine Co., Ltd. (Shaoxing, China). N-alkane nC6 ∼ nC16 was bought from RESTEK Co., Ltd. (Pennsylvania, USA), Z-Ligustilide (purity ≥ 98%) was purchased from Chengdu Ruifensi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.(Chengdu, China). Ferulic acid (purity ≥ 98%) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Senkyunolide I (purity ≥ 98%) was purchased from Nanjing Jinyibai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Phosphoric acid and glacial acetic acid (HPLC-grade) were purchased from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China); Acetonitrile and formic acid (LC/MS-grade) were obtained from Fisher Scientific Co. (Fair Lawn, USA). 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, purity ≥ 98%) was purchased from Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS, purity ≥ 98%) and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO, purity ≥ 98%) were obtained by Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Experimental water was ultra-pure water, and other reagents were analytically pure.