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Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail

Manufactured by Merck Group

Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail is a lab equipment product designed to inhibit the activity of proteases and phosphatases in biological samples. It is formulated to help preserve the integrity of proteins and phosphorylated molecules during sample preparation and analysis.

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8 protocols using halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail

1

Investigating NF-κB2 Activation in T Cells

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Total PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3 (OKT3, 1ug/mL; eBioscience; 16–0037-85) for 48 hours. Cells were washed with PBS once and lysed in lysis buffer (50mM Tris pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 2mM EDTA, 0.5% Triton X-100 and 0.5% NP40 and halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail [Sigma]) and samples were adjusted to have equal concentration of total protein and subjected to immunoblotting. Cell lysates were prepared and analyzed with anti-phospho-NFKB2 (S866/S870, Cell signaling #4810) and anti-NFKB2 (Cell Signaling Technology #3017) as previously described [6 (link)]. For the T cells blasts, total PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 (1ug/mL; eBioscience) in the presence of IL-2 (10 ng/ml, Cell Signaling Technology) and cultured for 6–7 days. IL-2 was added every 2–3 days.
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2

NB Cell Line Culture Protocol

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Cell culture media [Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI-1640)], antibiotics and FBS were obtained from Invitrogen Inc. Parental NB cell lines were maintained in our laboratory but are also available from the A.T.C.C. Restriction enzymes and other molecular biology reagents were purchased from Roche Applied Sciences, Promega Inc. and New England Biolabs Inc. ‘Complete’ protease inhibitor cocktail tablets were obtained from Roche Applied Sciences. Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail was obtained from Sigma–Aldrich Company. Nuclear extraction kits were obtained from Thermo Scientific. NuPAGE gels (4%–12%), buffers and prestained Rainbow molecular mass markers were obtained from Invitrogen.
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3

Hippocampal Tissue Fractionation Protocol

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For whole-cell lysate preparation, flash-frozen dorsal hippocampal tissue was homogenized mechanically in 300 μl of ice-cold radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 0.2% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich) and Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (1:100; Thermo Fisher Scientific). The lysate was kept on ice for 30 min, following which they were centrifuged at 10,000g for 15 min at 4°C. The pellet was discarded, and the supernatant (whole-cell lysate) was collected for Western blot analysis. For synaptosomal extraction, hippocampal tissue was mechanically homogenized in Syn-PER Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (1:100; Thermo Fisher Scientific). The homogenate was centrifuged at 1200g for 10 min at 4°C, after which the pellet (nuclear fraction) was discarded and the supernatant was centrifuged again at 15,000g for 25 min at 4°C. This pellet (synaptosomal fraction) was resuspended in RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich) containing Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (1:100) and 0.2% Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich).
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4

Analyzing Nuclear Protein Dynamics via Western Blotting

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Cells were seeded and incubated overnight in culture media. Cells were lysed in Laemmli buffer supplemented with beta-mercaptoethanol and HALT protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Sigma). Isolation of nuclei from whole-cell lysis adapted a standard centrifugation-based protocol (79 (link)). Briefly, cells were lysed in 0.1% Igepal in PBS supplemented with phosphatase inhibitor cocktail. Nuclear fractions were sedimented by centrifugation. Whole-cell lysates and nuclear fraction were resolved using SDS-PAGE. Western blot was done using a standard protocol, and images were processed and quantified using ImageJ (https://imagej.net/ij/download.html). For phospho-NF-kB experiments cells were serum starved for 4 to 8 h before lysing. Recombinant human TNF-α (R&D systems 210-TA) treatment was done at 20 ng/ml for 15 min before lysing cells. Recombinant human IFN-β (R&D systems 8499-IF-010) was done at 1000 IU/ml for 24 h before lysing cells. Antibodies used include: rabbit anti-JADE3 (Abcam #129495) used at 1:750 to 1:1000, rabbit anti-IFITM3 (Cell Signaling #59212) used at 1:750 to 1:1000, rabbit anti-NF-kB p65 (Cell Signaling #8242) used at 1:1000, rabbit anti-phospho-NF-kB p65 Ser536 (Cell Signaling #3033) used at 1:1000, rabbit anti-H3 (Cell Signaling), anti-Flag horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (Sigma), anti-rabbit IGG HRP (Sigma), and anti-GAPDH HRP (Sigma).
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5

Subcellular Fractionation and Western Blotting of HuH7 Cells

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Whole cell lysates from human HuH7 hepatocytes were prepared in RIPA lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1% NP-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM EDTA and 50 mM sodium fluoride) in the presence of protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Halt Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail, Sigma). For subcellular-fractionation and separation of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, cells were briefly washed with cold PBS and gently scraped with cytoplasmic protein extraction buffer (20 mM HEPES, 10 mM potassium chloride, 5 mM magnesium chloride, 1 mM EDTA, 10% glycerol and 0.2% NP-40). The cell lysates were centrifuged for 10 min at 775g and the supernatant collected for cytoplasmic proteins. Nuclear pellets were washed once with the cytoplasmic protein extraction buffer and lysed in RIPA buffer. Equal amounts of protein (10–100 μg) were resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE for western analysis. The primary antibodies for human phospho-Jnk (Thr183/Tyr185) (#4671S), total Jnk (#9252S), phospho AMPKα (Thr172) (#2531), total AMPKα (#2532S), and β-tubulin (#2146S) were purchased from Cell Signaling. The SREBP1/SREBP-1c antibody used was purchased either from Santa Cruz (sc-365513) for mouse liver lysates or Novus Biologicals (NB100-60545) for HuH7 cell lysates. The Lamin A antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz (sc-20680).
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6

Western Blot and Affinity Precipitation of Mitochondrial Proteins

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HBEC3-KT cells or MLE-15 cells were suspended in NP-40 lysis buffer containing Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Millipore), disrupted by sonication, and extracted at 4°C for 30 min. The protein concentration of the lysate was determined using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay (Pierce). 50 μg protein in 1× Laemmli buffer was separated by SDS-PAGE and then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore). The PVDF membranes were blotted with primary antibodies, detected by secondary antibodies with conjugated horseradish peroxidase, and developed using a Pico-sensitive chemiluminescence kit (Pierce). All membranes were stripped and re-blotted for β-actin or GAPDH as loading control.
Whole cell or mitochondria lysates were prepared with biotinylated ODN-treated HBEC3-KT cells or MLE-15 cells. To precipitate proteins Bound by biotinylated ODN in vivo, streptavidin beads (Pierce) were incubated with whole cell or mitochondria lysates containing 300 μg protein overnight at 4° C under constant gentle rotating. After incubation, streptavidin beads were centrifuged, washed with 1× PBS containing 0.05% Tween-20, resuspended in 50 μl of 2× SDS loading buffer, and boiled for 10 minutes. Elutes from the streptavidin beads were loaded onto SDS PAGE gel (Bio-Rad) and immunoblotted with VDAC1 or ANT1 antibody.
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7

Immunoblot Analysis of Influenza A M2 and DUOX

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For immunoblot assays, samples were exposed to lysis buffer in the presence of Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Millipore), and the protein concentration in lysate was determined in a bicinchoninic acid protein assay. Thirty-five micrograms of protein in 2× Laemmli buffer was separated by SDS-PAGE and then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The blots were probed with influenza A virus M2 (14C2), DUOX1 (H-9; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and DUOX2 (AP11227c; Abgent, San Diego, CA) primary antibodies, detected by secondary antibodies with conjugated horseradish peroxidase, and developed using a Pico-sensitive chemiluminescence kit (Pierce). All membranes were stripped and probed for β-actin as the loading control. Densitometric semiquantitation of the protein band intensities was performed using ImageJ.
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8

Western Blot and Affinity Precipitation of Mitochondrial Proteins

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HBEC3-KT cells or MLE-15 cells were suspended in NP-40 lysis buffer containing Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Millipore), disrupted by sonication, and extracted at 4°C for 30 min. The protein concentration of the lysate was determined using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay (Pierce). 50 μg protein in 1× Laemmli buffer was separated by SDS-PAGE and then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore). The PVDF membranes were blotted with primary antibodies, detected by secondary antibodies with conjugated horseradish peroxidase, and developed using a Pico-sensitive chemiluminescence kit (Pierce). All membranes were stripped and re-blotted for β-actin or GAPDH as loading control.
Whole cell or mitochondria lysates were prepared with biotinylated ODN-treated HBEC3-KT cells or MLE-15 cells. To precipitate proteins Bound by biotinylated ODN in vivo, streptavidin beads (Pierce) were incubated with whole cell or mitochondria lysates containing 300 μg protein overnight at 4° C under constant gentle rotating. After incubation, streptavidin beads were centrifuged, washed with 1× PBS containing 0.05% Tween-20, resuspended in 50 μl of 2× SDS loading buffer, and boiled for 10 minutes. Elutes from the streptavidin beads were loaded onto SDS PAGE gel (Bio-Rad) and immunoblotted with VDAC1 or ANT1 antibody.
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