The coding region of human Elk-1 was cloned by PCR and inserted into pcDNA3.1 vector to construct the eukaryotic expression Elk-1 plasmid pcDNA3.1-Elk1. The 2193 bp dnmt1 promoter fragment was inserted into pGL3-Basic vector (Promega) and the plasmid was designated as pGL3-dnmt1. The full-length coding region of MEK1 with mutations(S218,S222) or MEK2 with mutations(S222,S226) was inserted into GV141 vector by XhoI and KpnI to construct the eukaryotic expression constitutively active MEK1 and MEK2 plasmids, respectively.
Grifolin (2-trans, trans-farnesyl-5-methylresorcinol) was provided by Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (purity > 99%, HPLC analysis). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO, Sigma) was used to dissolve grifolin. The final concentration of DMSO in the culture media was kept less than 0.1% v/v which had no significant effect on the cell growth.