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1 023 protocols using sigmaplot 12

1

Pivot-Shift Kinematic Analysis of Surgical Techniques

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The sample size was calculated based on the first five experiments for the primary outcome, internal tibial rotation (mechanized pivot-shift between the AM REC and the Central REC). The minimum difference in the mean was 1.92° and the standard deviation was 1.42°. The sample size was 15 (groups = 4, alpha = 0.05, power = 0.80, sample size for ANOVA, SigmaPlot 12.5).
Kinematic data based on the results of pivot-shift loading tests were analyzed using 2-way RM-ANOVA and a post hoc multiple comparison test. Significance was set at P < 0.05 (SigmaPlot 12.5).
The statistical power of the study was calculated based on the final data for four groups of 15 subjects with alpha equal to 0.05. The minimum difference in the mean was 1.5° and the standard deviation was 1.1°. The statistical power of the study was equal to 85.5% (Power for ANOVA, SigmaPlot 12.5).
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2

Correlation of RT-PCR and Clinical Parameters

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A simple linear regression model was used to determine the relationship between RT-PCR and different clinical parameters. The Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to measure the degree of that relationship, and testing the significance of r was also carried out at P = 0.05. The analysis was applied using Sigma-Plot® 12.5 software. The analysis of variance model was used to test for the significance of resulting slopes of each regression line; and model of analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was applied to compare regression slopes of patients’ levels (Egyptian and Saudi) using adjusted (ie, least squares) means to determine if the slopes were significantly different from each other.37 Descriptive statistics for patients’ age (n = 20/level) were represented by a box plot constructed in Sigma-Plot® 12.5. To determine the differences in HCV genotypes between Egyptian and Saudi patients, as detected by RT-PCR and INNO-LiPA, a two independent-samples t-test, with two-tailed alternative hypothesis (Egyptian patients’ genotype ≠ Saudipatients’ genotype) was applied using SigmaPlot® 12.5 software extended with the statistical package. For any genotype that appeared once, a one-sample t-test, with single genotype as the hypothesized value, was applied to compare the single genotype with those detected in other patients.
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3

Dose-Response Curves for Glutamate and Avermectin

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To obtain the Dose-Response curves, the currents measured at the 60mV potential for each added agonist concentration (glutamate or avermectin), were extracted and a 4-parameter Hill equation (Formula 1) fit using Sigmaplot 12.3 was performed. The currents were normalized according to the extrapolated maximum current delivered by the Hill adjustment. In this way, the concentration that generates 50% of the maximum effect (EC50) and the Hill coefficient (nH) for each situation were obtained.
The analyses were done using the Excel or Sigmaplot 12.3 programs. Statistical figures are given as averages with their standard deviation. Multiple comparisons were made by ANOVA with Bonferroni correction or by Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA on ranks. Comparisons between two samples were done by t-test. One sample t-test was used to ascertain whether effects were significantly greater than zero. Statistical analyses were performed using Sigmaplot 12.3 and P <0.05 was considered as the significant level. The number of experiments quoted (n) refer to the number of independent oocytes assayed. They originate from at least 2 separate oocyte isolation procedures from different frogs.
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4

Statistical Analysis Methods for Group Comparisons

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For comparisons between two groups, statistical significance was calculated using non-paired two-tailed student’s t-test using Excel software. For other comparisons a repeated measurements two-way ANOVA test, one-way ANOVA, ANOVA on ranks or two-way ANOVA were performed using Graph Pad Prism 6 (GraphPad) or SigmaPlot 12.0 (SigmaPlot) software. A log rank statistical test was applied for survival curves (SigmaPlot). Specific statistical tests and the number of biological replicates (n) used in each panel are stated in Figure legends. Errors are represented as the standard error of the mean (SEM). For all analyses, p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Plots were designed with the software SigmaPlot 12.5 (SigmaPlot).
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5

Biometrical Analysis of Cellular Responses

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Data are presented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). ANOVA followed by post hoc testing, Student’s t test or Mann–Whitney rank sum test were used as applicable according to pre-test data analysis by Sigma Plot 12.5. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Biometrical planning was performed with α = 0.05 and β = 0.8, resulting in sample sizes between five and 15 samples/group depending on the experimental setting. For next generation sequencing (NGS) either for miRNAs or mRNAs, DEseq analysis was performed. Graphics were prepared using Sigma Plot 12.5.
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6

Statistical Analysis of Research Data

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The statistical significances between the mean values for different samples were examined using one-way ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak test when the data were normally distributed with equal variance (SigmaPlot 12.5). Otherwise, Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA on ranks was used (SigmaPlot 12.5). Percentage data were arc-sine-transformed before testing. The data were considered significant when P<0.05 (*), 0.01 (**) or 0.001 (***).
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7

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data

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Data are presented as mean  ±  standard error of mean. Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney rank sum test or Wilcoxon signed rank test were used as applicable according to pre-test data analysis by SigmaPlot 12.5. Tests were unpaired and two-tailed unless stated otherwise in the text. Grubbs tests were performed to identify outliers. A p value  <  0.05 was considered statistically significant. Graphics were created using SigmaPlot 12.5 and Origin 2018.
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8

Splenic Subpopulation Characterization and NK Cytotoxicity

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Figures and statistical analysis for the splenic subpopulation characterizations were done in Sigmaplot 12.5. Differences in splenocyte population sizes were analyzed via two-way ANOVA using Holm-Sidak’s method. Figures for the NK cytotoxic function were created in Sigmaplot 12.5, and slope analysis done in OriginLab using F tests.
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9

Kinetics Assay for Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitors

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All kinetic data were determined in duplicate using a Biotek Cytation Multi-Mode Reader at 37 °C. For KPC-2, assays were performed in 100 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 0.01% (v/v) Triton X-100 and 1 nM KPC-2 enzyme. For NDM-1 (construct 1) and VIM-2, the assays were performed in 50 mM HEPES pH 7.2, 50 μM zinc sulfate, 0.01% (v/v) Triton X-100, 20 μg/mL BSA. NDM-1 enzyme concentration was 2 nM and VIM-2 enzyme concentration was 0.5 nM. All the reactions were initiated by the addition of enzyme and the reaction progress curves were followed spectrophotometrically. Initial steady-state velocities from nitrocefin hydrolysis was measured at a wavelength of 486 nm. Using SigmaPlot 12.5, the Vmax and Km of nitrocefin were determined by non-linear regression using the Michaelis-Menten equation. β-Lactamase activity was measured in the presence of increasing amount of the inhibitors. The IC50 was obtained from the sigmoidal concentration dependence curve calculated using SigmaPlot 12.5. The Ki of each inhibitor was calculated according to the Cheng-Prusoff equation71 (link): Ki = IC50/ 1 + [S]/Km, where [S] is the nitrocefin concentration, Km is the Michaelis constant of the enzymes. All assays were performed in duplicate except compound 1 (tested once due to compound availability) and compound 16 (triplicate).
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10

Statistical Analysis of Multiple Means

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The statistical significances among multiple mean values were examined using one-way ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak test for data with equal variance and normal distribution (SigmaPlot 12.5). Otherwise, ANOVA on ranks with the Kruskal-Wallis test was used (SigmaPlot 12.5). Arcsine transformation was performed before testing of percentage data. Data were considered significant at p < 0.05 (∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
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