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15 protocols using jnk in 8

1

Investigating HMGA1-GRP75 Interaction in Cancer Progression

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and cell culture medium were purchased from HyClone. MG132 and kanamycin were purchased from Sigma. JNK IN8 was obtained from MedChem Express. Plasmids for overexpressing HMGA1 or GRP75 and HMGA1‐specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) were designed and synthesized by GeneChem. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides targeting HMGA1 or GRP75 were obtained from RiboBio. A cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8) kit was purchased from Bioss. A migration assay kit was obtained from BD Biosciences. Cell invasion assay chambers (24 wells) were purchased from Corning. Cycloheximide (CHX) and primary antibodies against HMGA1, GRP75, Ki67, Ubiquitin, JNK, P‐JNK (Thr183/Tyr185), c‐JUN, P‐c‐JUN (Ser63), P‐c‐JUN (Ser73), and GAPDH were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. A Pierce coimmunoprecipitation kit was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
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2

Targeting TNBC with JNK-IN-8 and Lapatinib

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Nude female mice (nu/J #002019, Jackson Labs, Sacramento, CA) at 6 weeks of age were injected orthotopically (L4 mammary gland) with 3×106 MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells in PBS. Nine days later, tumors reached an average volume of 80mm3 and mice were randomized into four groups (n=10 mice per group). Treatment with vehicle, JNK-IN-8 (25mg/kg) (Advanced ChemBlocks, Burlingame, CA), lapatinib (75mg/kg) (MedChem Express, Monmouth Junction, NJ), or JNK-IN-8 and lapatinib combination was administered daily. JNK-IN-8 or its vehicle (2% ethanol and 5% Tween-80 in PBS) were administered by intraperitoneal injection, and lapatinib or its vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and 0.1% Tween-80 in PBS) were administered by oral gavage. Tumors were measured every other day and mice were monitored for signs of distress including significant weight loss, loss of ambulation, or difficulty breathing. Mice with tumors that reached a maximum diameter of 15mm or a maximum volume of 750mm3 were euthanized. A Kaplan-Meier curve is shown where an adverse event represents attainment of the maximal tumor size. No mice died unexpectedly during this experiment and were treated humanely with oversight by the University of Texas IACUC committee (protocol# AUP-2015-00170).
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3

JNK Inhibitor Administration in Vivo

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SP600125 (15 mg/kg/d; Selleckchem) or JNK-IN-8 (20 mg/kg/d; MedChemExpress) was given intraperitoneally in vehicle of 4.5% DMSO, 40% PEG400, 5% Tween-80, and 50.5% PBS daily for 12 days.
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4

Cytotoxicity Assay of Pharmacological Agents

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Human cell lines U87MG (#HTB-14), HeLa (#CCL-2), and MDA-MB-468 (HTB-132) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection and propagated in DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Human cell line BJAB (#ACC757) was purchased from DSMZ and propagated in RPMI-1640 with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Cells were maintained at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator. Silvestrol (#HY-13251), rocaglamide A (#HY-19356), zotatifin (#HY-112163), JNK-IN-8 (#HY-13319), and JPH203 (#HY-100868) were purchased from MedChemExpress, actinomycin D (#A1410) was purchased from Millipore-Sigma.
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5

JNK Inhibition in High Stiffness HCC

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JNK-IN-8 (MedChem Express, USA) is a selective JNK1/2/3 inhibitor, and inhibits phosphorylation of downstream molecule c-JUN. JNK-IN-8 dissolved in DMSO was diluted into 1 μM work solution with complete culture medium, and the same amount of DMSO was set as the control (VDMSO:V (complete culture medium) = 0.5‰). HCC cells grown on high stiffness substrates were treated with JNK-IN-8 for 48 h.
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6

Inflammatory Signaling Pathway Analysis

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JNK-IN-8 was purchased from MedChemExpress. Mouse TNF-α (cat. no. CSB-E04741m), IL-6 (cat. no. CSB-E04639m) and IL-1β (cat. no. CSB-E08054m) ELISA kits were purchased from Cusabio Technology LLC. Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse Ly-6G (cat. no. 127625) and 594 anti-mouse F4/80 antibody (cat. no. 123140) were purchased from BioLegend, Inc. Specific primary antibodies against NF-κB p65 (cat. no. 8242), phosphorylated (p)-p65 (Ser536; cat. no. 3303), JNK (cat. no. 9252), p-JNK (Thr183/Tyr185; cat. no. 4668) and β-actin (cat. no. 3700) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
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7

Antineoplastic Agents and Liposomal Formulations

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Reagents and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and used without further purification, unless otherwise indicated. Water was purified by MilliQ filtration systems (Millipore) prior to experimental use. Trametinib (Tram), gemcitabine (Gem), and paclitaxel (PTX) were purchased from LC Laboratories (Woburn, MA). STEALTH liposomal doxorubicin HCl (Doxil) and DiI-labelled PEGylated DOPC/CHOL liposomes (Lip) were purchased from FormuMax (Sunnyvale, CA). Pharmacy-grade nanoparticulate albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX, trade name: Abraxane®; Celgene; Summit, NJ) was purchased form McKesson (Irving, Taxes). CFI400945 fumarate (CFI400945), AXL171746 (link), VX-745, AZD-7762, JNK-IN-8, AZD-1390, Bindarit, MK-8033, AS602801, cobimetinib, refametinib, MK-8353, SCH772984, A-769662, Compound C dihydrochloride (Compound C), and Linsitinib (Lin)47 (link) were all purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ). RepSox, 7rh, Y-27632 dihydrochloride (Y-27632), and C 021 dihydrochloride (C021) were purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK), Sigma, Abcam (Cambridge, MA), and R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN), respectively. 5-(N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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8

Kinase Inhibitors for Cell Signaling

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The commercial antibodies used in this study are listed in Supplementary Table S1. The MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor U0126 (HY-12031) and JNK kinase inhibitor JNK-IN-8 (HY-13319) were purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ). The p38 kinase inhibitor SB203580 (S1076) was obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Shanghai, China).
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9

Comparative Analysis of Cell Lines

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Human cell lines U87MG (#HTB-14), HeLa (#CCL-2), and MDA-MB-468 (HTB-132) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection and propagated in DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Human cell line BJAB (#ACC757) was purchased from DSMZ and propagated in RPMI-1640 with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Cells were maintained at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator. Silvestrol (#HY-13251), rocaglamide A (#HY-19356), zotatifin (#HY-112163), JNK-IN-8 (#HY-13319), and JPH203 (#HY-100868) were purchased from MedChemExpress, actinomycin D (#A1410) was purchased from Millipore-Sigma.
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10

Inhibiting JNK and TNF-α in Mice

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Mice in the PTX 50 μg/50 g group, PTX 100 μg/50 g group, and PTX 150 μg/50 g group were treated with PTX for 1 month, followed by the oral JNK inhibitor JNK-IN-8 (MedChemExpress) and the TNF-α inhibitor TNF-α-IN-1 (MedChemExpress) for 2 months.
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