Asap 2460 analyzer

The crystal structure of the obtained products was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern (Bruker D8 AVANCE X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα). The morphologies and nanostructures were observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JSM-7500F) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100F). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was characterized by Thermo Escalab 250Xi X-ray photoelectron spectrometer to analyze the surface chemical compositions. The zeta potential was conducted on Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, USA). Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and pore structures of as-obtained samples were carried out by a Micromeritics ASAP 2460 analyzer. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) image was investigated by Bruker Dimension ICON with Nanoscope V controller. To measure the EM parameters, resultant products were mixed with PVDF in different mass percentages to be pressed into circular rings (Φ_out = 7.00 mm and Φ_in = 3.04 mm). Subsequently, it was tested with coaxial line method by a vector network analyzer (VNA; Agilent TE5071C).

The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi S4800), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Hitachi HT7700) and atomic force microscopy (AFM, Bruker edge). The XRD patterns of the samples were collected by using Bruker D8 Advanced XRD with Cu Kα radiation source. Raman spectra were obtained using a Raman spectrometer (Renishaw inVia Reflex with 633 nm laser excitation). XPS measurements were taken on a Thermo Fisher ESCALAB Xi⁺. The Zeta potential was conducted using a Zetasizer Nano ZSE apparatus. The specific surface area and porosity parameters were determined by the nitrogen sorption/desorption using a Micromeritics ASAP2460 analyzer.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and TEM element mapping were characterized on a JEM-2100F (JEOL, Akishima, Japan). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS) analysis were made by using scanning electron microscopy (SU-8010, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). An X-ray diffractometer (XRD) with Cu/Co radiation from D8 ADVANCE Germany (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany) was used to identify the crystalline phase. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was recorded by using a Thermo Scientific ESCALAB 250XI X-ray spectrometer (Waltham, MA, USA). The N₂ adsorption/desorption experiment was measured with a Micromeritics ASAP 2460 analyzer (Norcross, GA, USA). A UV–vis spectrophotometer (T6 New Century, Beijing, China) was used for the detection of protein concentration, and a vortex mixer (VM-0003M, Labyeah, Shanghai, China) was used for the incubation of protein. Separation of the actual protein sample was performed by a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE) electrophoresis apparatus (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).

ZU-72, SIFSIX-1-Cu, ZU-61 and zeolite 5A were evacuated for 12 h at 353 K, 338 K, and 473 K, respectively, until the pressure dropped below 7 µmHg. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K were collected using ASAP 2460 Analyzer (Micromeritics). The single-component vapor adsorption isotherms of hexane isomers were collected at 298 K on activated samples using autosorb iQ/ASiQwin (Quantachrome Instruments) vapor adsorption analyzer. The single-component vapor adsorption isotherms of pentane and heptane isomers were collected on the BELsorp max II.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed using a Rigaku Smart Lab diffractometer (Cu-Kα radiation). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were obtained on a Jem-2100F (Japan) instrument. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) maps were recorded with a Hitachi S4800 (Tokyo, Japan). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were tested on a Nicolet iS50 FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) in the wavenumber range of 400–4000 cm⁻¹ using the KBr pelleting method. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a Shimadzu DTG-60H simultaneous DTA-TG apparatus, under a nitrogen atmosphere from 30 to 800 °C. The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms were analyzed by a Micromeritics ASAP 2460 analyzer. The magnetism of the samples was measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM, Quantum Design) at room temperature.

ZUL-100, ZUL-200, ZUL-210 and ZUL-220 were evacuated at room temperature for 24 h until the pressure below 5 μmHg. The measurements of C₂H₂ and C₂H₄ adsorption isotherms on activated ZUL-100, ZUL-200, ZUL-210, and ZUL-220 were collected at 273–313 K using ASAP 2460 Analyzer (Micromeritics).