Iron 2 sulfate heptahydrate

For the synthesis of the γ-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂/RhB NPs, reagent grade chemicals were used as received from the manufacturers. Iron (III) sulfate hydrate, iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (ACS, 99%), citric acid (CA, 99%), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, 99.9%) and NH₄OH (28–30%) were supplied by Alfa Aesar (Lancashire, UK). Acetone (AppliChem GmbH) and absolute ethanol (Carlo Erba, reagent - USP) were used as received. (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS; silane-NH₂, 99%), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS; 98%), ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DCM), dimethylformamide (DMF), Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RhB), poly(acrylic acid) solution (25 wt. % in water) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, 40 kDa) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Cellulose acetate (CA, Mn = 30000 g/mol) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. Acetone (Technical Grade 99.5% - Panaska Trading CO) was the solvent used in the preparation of CA polymer solutions that were further electrospun.

Melamine (C₃H₆N₆, MA), cyanuric acid (C₃H₃N₃O₃, CA), 5-aminosalicylic acid (C₇H₇NO₃), the antibiotic chloramphenicol (C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅), phenol (C₆H₆O), and four triphenylmethane-type dyes of basic fuchsin (C₂₀H₂₀ClN₃, BF), malachite green (C₂₃H₂₆N₂, MG), victoria blue B (C₃₃H₃₂ClN₃, VB) and leucocrystal violet (C₂₅H₃₁N₃, LV) were all purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Zinc acetylacetonate hydrate (C₁₀H₁₄ZnO₄·xH₂O) was supplied by Macklin. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), ethanol (C₂H₆O), hydrochloric acid (HCl), phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄·7H₂O), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), isopropyl alcohol (C₃H₈O) and potassium titanyl oxalate (K₂TiO·C₄O₈·2H₂O) were acquired from Alfa Aesar (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were of analytical grade and employed without extra purification.

Recombinant FSA A129S was produced and purified according to the literature with an activity of 15.0 U mg^-1 FSA (S1 Fig) [38 (link)]. N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide (EDAC), α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase–triosephosphate isomerase (GPD-TPI), D-fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and 3-[(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino]propionaldehyde (β-CHO) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) was purchased from BONTAC Bio-engineering (Shenzhen, China). 6% cross-linked agarose gels, MANA-agarose gels and High-density metal free sepharose were purchased from ABT-beads (Torrejón de Ardóz, Spain). Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) was purchased by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Iron (III) sulfate hydrate, iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (ACS, 99%), citric acid (99%), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, 99.9%), NH₄OH (28–30%) were supplied by Alfa Aesar (Lancashire, UK). (Hydroxy(polyethyleneoxy)propyl) triethoxysilane (silane-PEG), triethoxysilylpropylmaleamic acid (silane-COOH), 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxy silane (silane-SH), N-(trimethoxysilylpropyl) ethylenediaminetriacetate (silane-EDTA) were purchased by Gelest (USA). All other reagents were commercial products of analytical grade. Silane-C≡CH and silane-N₃ were kindly supplied by Dr. Stane Pajk (Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia) [39 (link)].

The following were used in the study: Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent (Panreac), sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, ammonium acetate (Carlo Erba), sodium nitrite 98%, iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate and 2,4,6-tri-(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ) 98%, (Alpha Aesar), anhydrous aluminum chloride, hydrochloric acid, n-butanol (Merck), Trolox 97% (Acros Organics), gallic acid, (+)-catechin, daidzein (Sigma Aldrich), cyanidine chloride, (−)-epicatechin, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (Extrasynthese). All materials used had a high purity, above 95%.

All chemicals were of reagent grade and used without further purification. Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄∙7H₂O > 99.5%) was obtained from Acros organics, Geel, Belgium. Iron(III) sulfate x hydrate (Fe₂(SO₄)₃∙xH₂O, 21%–23%) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Polyacrylic acid (PSA) (sodium salt solution, 1200 g/mol, (45 %, wt %) in H₂O, ethanol (C₂H₅OH > 99%) and ammonium (NH₃) (25% NH₃ in H₂0) were all obtained from Merck Co, Kenilworth, N. J., USA.

Chondroitin sulfate A sodium salt (CS, 475,379 g/mol per repeating unit, Alfa Aesar, 90%) divinyl sulfone (DVS, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), Cupric sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O), and pyrocatechol violet (PV, 3,3′,4-trihydroxyfuchsone-2″-sulfonic acid) are used in Cu(II) chelating studies. 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4,-triazine-4′,4″-disulfonic acid sodium salt (ferrozine, ≥98%, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) and iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeO₄S∙7H₂O > 99.5%, ACS reagent, Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium) were used in Fe(II) chelating activity studies. Bovine fibrinogen (Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA) was used for fibrinogen interactions of CS-based materials. α-D-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sigma, 100 unit/g), p-nitrophenyl-α D-glucopyranoside (RPI), and reduced glutathione (Across) were used for enzyme studies.