Chromasolv

Analytical standards of monuron, diuron, alachlor, acetochlor, 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, desethyl-sebuthylazine, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, 3-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, and 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea as well as a standard mixture containing sebuthylazine and terbuthylazine were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and were of analytical grade or higher.
For the CCS calibration nicotinate, adenine, acetaminophen, pyridoxine, caffeine, atrazine, metolachlor, sulfadimethoxine, and ampicillin were used. The calibrants were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and were of analytical grade.
Acetonitrile (CHROMASOLV™ for HPLC, gradient grade,  ≥ 99.9%) and water (Honeywell Riedel-de Haën™, Seelze, Germany) with 0.1% of formic acid (reagent grade, 98–100% from Scharlau, Barcelona, Spain) were used as mobile phase for LC/IMS/HRMS analysis.

Formic acid was purchased from Fisher Chemical (Loughborough, UK). Methanol, acetonitrile, deionized water, and LC-MS CHROMASOLV were obtained from Honeywell (Wunstorfer Strasse, Seelze, Germany). U87 and U373 cells were purchased from the Radiobiology and Experimental Radio Oncology Lab, University Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Etoposide was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Paclitaxel was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fetal bovine serum, penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Analytical standards of thiacloprid (C17451000) and flupyradifurone (37,050) were obtained from Dr. Ehrenstorfer (Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH, Augsburg, Germany) and Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany), respectively. Acetonitrile (ACN), CHROMASOLV™ for high liquid pressure chromatography (HPLC) with gradient grade (34851, Honeywell Riedel-de Haën™, Seelze, Germany) and bidest. ultra-pure water from a Milli-Q system (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) were used for sample preparation as well as for LC–MS analysis. Formic acid puriss. (27,001) was purchased from Honeywell (Honeywell Riedel-de Haën™, Seelze, Germany) and sodium chloride, (≥99%, Ph. Eur., USP P029.3) was bought from Carl Roth (Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany). Anhydrous magnesium sulfate (M7506) was also obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany). The used solid phase extraction (SPE) material and the grinding media were obtained in a dispersive 2 mL (universal kit 5982-0028CH, Agilent Technologies Sales & Services GmbH & Co. KG, Waldbronn, Germany).
Note: Availability of standard laboratory and chromatographically equipment is assumed.

For the sample preparation of organic micropollutants, three solvents—dichloromethane (≥99.8%, Ultra Resi—analyzed^®, J.T. Baker (Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA)), n-hexane (95.0%, Ultra Resi—analyzed^®, J.T. Baker (Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA)) and methanol (≥99.8%, for HPLC, Chromasolv^®, (Honeywell, Charlotte, NC, USA)) were used.

100 μL of each sample was diluted 1 : 10 in 50% methanol : water (Honeywell, Chromasolv™) and analysed spectrophotometrically at 280 nm in a 96-well UVStar® plate (Greiner Bio-One) and compared to a standard curve of Sigma Kraft Lignin (Sigma Aldrich, 471003), Fig. S1,† to determine the overall aromatic content. Concentrated samples were filtered using a 0.2 μm PTFE filter (VWR) and diluted in 50% methanol : water to obtain a final concentration of 150–175 μg mL⁻¹ lignin.

Imidazole >98% and 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (>95%) were purchased from TCI Europe N.V. Toluene, hydrochloric acid, 96% ethanol, and methanol were obtained from Avantor Performance Materials Poland. Chloroform-D (CDCl₃), n-aliphatic amines, n-heptane, Toluene (CHROMASOLV^® (Honeywell, Charlotte, NC, USA), for HPLC, 99.9%), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (for HPLC, 99%), and chloroform (CHROMASOLV^®Plus, (Honeywell, Charlotte, NC, USA), for HPLC, >99.9%) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany. All reagents and solvents were used as received. The OFETs were prepared using silicon substrates with 230 nm silicon dioxide gate dielectric with prepatterned Au/ITO (20 nm/10 nm) electrodes (Fraunhofer Gen. 4 OFET substrates (Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany)). The OFET channel width (W) and the length were 10 mm and 10 μm, respectively.

Analytical reagent-grade chemicals and bi-distilled water were used throughout this experiment. Methanol used was of HPLC-grade, ≥99.9%, CHROMASOLV™ (Honeywell Riedel-de Haën™); KNO₃, acetone (Multisolvent^® HPLC grade), NaOH, and H₂SO₄ were purchased from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. Methyl viologen, oxalic acid anhydrous 99%, salicylic acid acs 99%, sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), glucose solution, anthrone 97%, l-ascorbic acid, Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent, DPPH^• radical reagent, Trolox, and gallic acid were purchased from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. Standard solutions were prepared with bi-distilled water.